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. 2017 Dec 6;7:17082. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-17357-3

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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NaF exposure impairs the further developmental potential of porcine oocytes. (a) NaF exposure decreased the developmental potency of oocytes after parthenogenetic activation; scale bar = 100 μm. (b) Embryonic development rates of control and NaF-treated oocytes. (c) Representative images of embryos in the blastocyst stage after performing the TUNEL assay; scale bar = 50 μm. (d) Percentages of apoptotic cells in blastocysts developed in vitro. (e) Immunofluorescent staining of BrdU in blastocysts; scale bar = 50 μm. (f) Percentages of BrdU-positive cells in the blastocysts. Data are presented as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. Statistically significant differences are indicated by asterisks (*p < 0.05).