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. 2017 Dec 6;7:17047. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-17270-9

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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VK2 is negative regulator of Ras/MAPK (JNK, ERK) and Toll, JAK/STAT, IMD pathways. (A) Western blot analysis showed activation of JNK and ERK signaling pathways upon loss of function of heix gene and inhibition of activation significantly revealed after vitamin K2 treatment. (B) RT-PCR analysis of JNK pathway. (C) RT-PCR analysis of JAK/STAT pathway (D) RT-PCR analysis of Toll pathway. (E) RT-PCR analysis of IMD and Ras/MAPK pathway. Control media contain 50 mM Ethanol (EtOH) and treatment media contain 50 mM VK2. Transcripts were normalized to the housekeeping gene Ef1α100E. Error bars indicate SEM. A significant difference is compared to the control (AVOVA/Dunnett: *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001).