Table 2. Summary of Preclinical Behavioral Studies Investigating Pharmacological Targets for Treatment of CUD.
| Study | Target/action | Tested ligand | Methodology | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tanda et al (2000) | Cannabinoid CB1 receptor Inverse agonist | Rimonabant | THC IVSA Squirrel monkeys | ↓ THC taking |
| Justinova et al (2008b) | Cannabinoid CB1 receptor Inverse agonist | Rimonabant | THC IVSA Reinstatement Squirrel monkeys | ↓ THC seeking ↓ THC-induced reinstatement ↓ Cue-induced reinstatement |
| Vallée et al (2014) | Cannabinoid CB1 receptor Signaling-specific NAM | Pregnenolone | WIN55,212 IVSA CD1 mice | ↓ WIN taking |
| Schindler et al (2016a) | Cannabinoid CB1 receptor Inverse agonist Neutral antagonist | Rimonabant AM4113 | THC IVSA Reinstatement Squirrel monkeys | ↓ THC taking ↓ THC-induced reinstatement ↓ Cue-induced reinstatement |
| Navarro et al (2001) | μ-Opioid receptor Antagonist | Naltrexone | WIN 55,212 IVSA CD1 mice | ↓ WIN taking |
| Justinova et al (2004) | μ-Opioid receptor Antagonist | Naltrexone | THC IVSA Squirrel monkeys | ↓ THC taking |
| Justinova et al (2011a) | A2A adenosine receptor Antagonist | MSX-3 | THC and AEA IVSA Reinstatement Squirrel monkeys | ↓ THC and AEA taking (1 mg/kg) ↑ THC and AEA taking (3 mg/kg) − On THC-induced reinstatement |
| Justinova et al (2014) | A2A adenosine receptor Antagonist (presynaptic) | SCH442416 | THC IVSA Squirrel monkeys | ↓ THC taking |
| Solinas et al (2007a) | α7 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor Antagonist | MLA | WIN 55,212 IVSA THC discrimination Rats | ↓ WIN taking ↓ THC discriminative-stimulus effects |
| Justinova et al (2013) | α7 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor KMO inhibition→↑kynurenic acid—Negative allosteric modulator | Ro 61-8048 | THC IVSA Reinstatement Squirrel monkeys WIN 55,212 IVSA Reinstatement Rats | ↓ THC and WIN taking ↓ THC- and WIN-induced reinstatement ↓ Cue-induced reinstatement |
| Justinova et al (2008a) Justinova et al (2015) | Anandamide FAAH inhibition | URB597 URB694 | THC, AEA IVSA Squirrel monkeys | − URB597 IVSA + URB694 IVSA −URB597-induced reinstatement −URB694-induced reinstatement |
Abbreviations: AEA: anandamide; FAAH: fatty acid amide hydrolase; IVSA: intravenous self-administration; MLA: methyllycaconitine; NAM: negative allosteric modulator; WIN: WIN 55,212-2.
Symbols: −, no effect; ↓, decrease or blockade; ↑, increase or potentiation.