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The biases with the effects of E→M (red) and M→D (blue) increasing, respectively. Comparison of the bias of different effects in adjustment mediator. The OR of target effect (eg, E→M) from 1 to 10 given other effects fixed ln in (A). The OR of the effect of M→D from 1 to 10 with the effect of E→M being equal to zero in (B) (colour figure online).
