Table 4.

Oxygen uptake during a round of golf

Study	Quality assessment	No. of holes	Club transportation	Oxygen uptake (l min–1) (mean±SD)	Oxygen uptake (ml kg–1 min–1) (mean±SD)	%VO2max
Crowell26	Fair	9	Riding a golf cart	1.05±0.11	8.5	–
		9	Pulling clubs	1.37±0.03	9.1
		9	Carrying clubs	1.50±0.11	9.7
Dear et al 27	Fair	9	Pulling clubs	–	9.9±1.7	–
Loy31	Fair	18	Carrying clubs	1.23±0.11	–
Unverdorben et al 34	Good	18	Pulling clubs	–	–	76.0±13.1 (patients with cardiac disease)
		18				55.3±9.1 (controls)

Please refer to online supplementary appendix 6 for characteristics of the above studies.