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. 2017 Dec 7;8:1976. doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-01434-2

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — Experiments with different ligament size. a Flow stress σ vs. strain ε during deformation with strain rate 10⁻⁵ s⁻¹ in compression. b Effective response of σ to jumps in the electrode potential, E, determined as δσ/δE. Straight lines: prediction by Eq. (12). c The parameter δσ/δE is normalized to the actual value of flow stress, σ ₀. Note no size-dependent behavior in this case. Shaded: range of potential of zero charge, E _zc. Test in 0.5 M H₂SO₄; ligament sizes are indicated by labels