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. 2017 Dec 7;7:17109. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-16840-1

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Lobar distribution of veins in human and mouse livers. Cranio-ventral (C,E) and posterior (B,D,F) views. In lobated livers, both caudate lobe and process (green) are free lobes that both drain into the intrahepatic caval vein (B). The murine quadrate lobe (Q, red) is small (A,B). The left and right dorsolateral lobes (B, brown) are drained by the left lateral and right hepatic veins (D). The ventromedial lobe (E, red line) is drained by 4 main hepatic branches (left and right medial, and the two upstream tributaries of the middle hepatic vein). The distribution of the hepatic veins is similar in mouse and human livers (cf. B–D and E,F). Using the lobar boundaries Couinaud’s surgical segments can be constructed: #1: caudate; #2 and #7: dorsolateral; and ##3–6: ventromedial with 3 hepatic veins. Symbols (A): red arrows: hepatic fissures; IVC: intrahepatic caval vein, UV: umbilical vein, green: gallbladder. Color code veins is as in Figs 1 and 2.