Table 1.

List of parameters and parameter values.

Parameter	Description	Value
		Speed analysis	Cost analysis
K	carrying capacity prey	1.0, 1.5, 2.0	1.0, 1.5, 2.0
r 0	maximum growth rate prey	1.0	1.0
g 0	maximum conversion efficiency	1.0	1.0
θ	efficiency of defense	10	10
d	per capita mortality predator	0.1	0.1
a 0	maximum attack rate	1.0	0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2.0
h	handling time	0.1, 1.0	1.0, 1.5, 2.0
c x	costliness of defense	2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0	0–10
c y	costliness of offense	2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0	0–10
G x	speed of adaptation prey	10 −2.5 – 1	10 −2, 10−1.5
G y	speed of adaptation predator	10 −2.5 – 1	10 −2

Marked in bold are the standard parameter values; marked in italics are parameters varied in small increments within sets of numerical simulations. Not all parameter combinations yielded sets that contained both ¼-lag and antiphase cycles; sets not containing both cycle types were excluded from the final analysis.