Table 4.
Association between anemia and new cognitive decline after 4-year follow-up among individuals with normal cognitive function at baseline (n = 8988)
| Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | aORa (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Anemiab | 1.32 (1.09–1.60) | 1.30 (1.03–1.62) |
| Female sex | 1.73 (1.39–2.16) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | ||
| < 18.5 | 0.86 (0.47–1.56) | |
| 18.5–24.9 | 1.00 | |
| ≥ 25 | 1.04 (0.88–1.23) | |
| Smoking status | ||
| Never | 1.00 | |
| Former | 1.29 (0.97–1.71) | |
| Current | 1.37 (1.02–1.83) | |
| Household income status percentiles | ||
| ≤ 20 (low) | 1.00 | |
| 30–50 | 1.18 (0.91–1.53) | |
| 60–80 | 1.17 (0.91–1.49) | |
| ≥ 90 (high) | 1.12 (0.87–1.44) | |
| Disability | 2.88 (0.62–13.30) | |
| Depressive symptoms | 1.33 (1.11–1.60) | |
| Hypertension | 0.98 (0.82–1.17) | |
| Diabetes | 0.98 (0.78–1.23) | |
| Dyslipidemia | 0.92 (0.73–1.16) | |
aOR Adjusted odds ratio, BMI Body mass index
aAdjusted for sex, baseline Prescreening Korean Dementia Screening Questionnaire score, BMI, smoking status, household income, disability, depressive symptoms, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia
bAccording to World Health Organization anemia criteria, anemia was defined as hemoglobin < 13 g/dl for men and < 12 g/dl for women