TABLE 1—
Association of Daily Cannabis Use With Daily and Nondaily Cigarette Smoking, by Demographic Characteristics: National Survey on Drug Use and Health, United States, 2002–2014
| Unadjusted Prevalence of Daily Cannabis Use |
Nondaily Cigarette Smoking Versus No Cigarette Smoking |
Daily Cigarette Smoking Versus No Cigarette Smoking |
||||||
| Characteristic | Total Sample, % (95% CI) | Non–cigarette Smoker, % (95% CI) | Nondaily Cigarette Smoker, % (95% CI) | Daily Cigarette Smoker, % (95% CI) | ORa (95% CI) | Pintb | ORa (95% CI) | Pintb |
| Total sample | 1.91 (1.86, 1.96) | 0.85 (0.82, 0.89) | 4.74 (4.51, 4.99) | 6.31 (6.09, 6.55) | 4.47 (4.15, 4.82) | 7.61 (7.09, 8.17) | ||
| Gender | ||||||||
| Male (Ref) | 2.79 (2.71, 2.87) | 1.32 (1.26, 1.39) | 5.94 (5.58, 6.33) | 8.28 (7.94, 8.63) | 3.87 (3.55, 4.23) | 6.51 (5.99, 7.08) | ||
| Female | 1.08 (1.03, 1.14) | 0.44 (0.40, 0.47) | 3.13 (2.83, 3.47) | 4.14 (3.87, 4.42) | 6.58 (5.69, 7.62) | < .001 | 10.93 (9.77, 12.22) | < .001 |
| Age, y | ||||||||
| 12–17 (Ref) | 1.27 (1.22, 1.33) | 0.55 (0.51, 0.59) | 11.17 (11.05, 11.24) | 21.01 (20.87, 21.33) | 22.70 (20.08, 25.67) | 51.35 (45.28, 58.24) | ||
| 18–25 | 5.60 (5.47, 5.73) | 2.49 (2.37, 2.60) | 10.40 (9.93, 10.89) | 15.46 (15.05, 15.88) | 4.24 (3.95, 4.55) | < .001 | 7.23 (6.81, 7.68) | < .001 |
| ≥ 26 | 1.35 (1.30, 1.41) | 0.64 (0.60, 0.69) | 2.75 (2.47, 3.06) | 4.32 (4.08, 4.57) | 3.14 (2.75, 3.58) | < .001 | 5.54 (5.01, 6.13) | < .001 |
| Marital status | ||||||||
| Married (Ref) | 0.84 (0.78, 0.90) | 0.44 (0.39, 0.49) | 1.99 (1.64, 2.41) | 3.06 (2.77, 3.37) | 4.23 (3.40, 5.26) | 6.77 (5.90, 7.78) | ||
| Widowed, divorced, or separated | 1.46 (1.32, 1.61) | 0.63 (0.54, 0.74) | 2.07 (1.98, 2.13) | 3.95 (3.48, 4.49) | 2.78 (2.09, 3.69) | < .001 | 5.55 (4.46, 6.90) | < .001 |
| Never married | 3.72 (3.63, 3.82) | 1.61 (1.54, 1.69) | 8.30 (7.92, 8.70) | 12.67 (12.30, 13.05) | 4.77 (4.43, 5.15) | < .001 | 8.55 (7.96, 9.19) | < .001 |
| Income, $ | ||||||||
| < 20 000 (Ref) | 2.87 (2.74, 3.01) | 1.30 (1.19, 1.42) | 5.68 (5.20, 6.21) | 7.32 (6.86, 7.82) | 3.92 (3.38, 4.55) | 6.44 (5.69, 7.28) | ||
| 20 000–74 999 | 1.96 (1.89, 2.03) | 0.86 (0.0.80, 0.91) | 4.69 (4.34, 5.06) | 6.14 (5.84, 6.46) | 4.61 (4.08, 5.19) | .051 | 7.43 (6.97, 8.60) | .011 |
| ≥ 75 000 | 1.23 (1.15, 1.31) | 0.62 (0.56, 0.69) | 0.62 (0.56, 0.69) | 5.49 (5.03, 5.99) | 5.07 (4.30, 5.97) | .007 | 9.07 (7.78, 10.57) | < .001 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||||
| White (Ref) | 1.99 (1.93, 2.04) | 0.84 (0.79, 0.89) | 4.96 (4.64, 5.31) | 6.09 (5.84, 6.34) | 4.62 (4.18, 5.10) | 7.33 (6.75, 7.96) | ||
| Black | 2.38 (2.23, 2.55) | 1.25 (1.12, 1.39) | 5.07 (4.93, 5.18) | 8.07 (7.94, 8.19) | 3.55 (2.83, 4.44) | .26 | 6.89 (5.83, 8.15) | .14 |
| Hispanic | 1.44 (1.33, 1.56) | 0.73 (0.64, 0.82) | 3.96 (3.81, 4.15) | 6.67 (6.53, 6.79) | 5.31 (4.22, 6.69) | < .001 | 10.96 (8.84, 13.57) | < .001 |
| Other | 1.30 (1.18, 1.43) | 0.60 (0.48, 0.74) | 3.76 (3.62, 3.89) | 6.01 (5.20, 6.94) | 4.98 (3.49, 7.09) | < .001 | 9.59 (6.72, 13.69) | < .001 |
Note. CI = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio. ORs reflect associations within each level of sociodemographic variables, comparing nondaily and daily cigarette smoking with nonsmoking.
a
Adjusted for all other variables listed in the table and calendar year (categorical).
b
P value for multiplicative interaction of demographic by smoking categories on daily cannabis use, e.g., OR = 6.58 for nondaily vs no cigarettes in women is significantly different (Pint < .001) compared with the OR = 3.87 in men.