Table 3.
Health care utilization over the study period.
| Number of patients | Mean quantity (SE) | Mean treatment difference (95% CI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type of care | Usual care | SPACE | Usual care | SPACE | |
| GP, surgery visit | 90 | 85 | 0.96 (0.15) | 0.76 (0.13) | 0.19 (−0.20 to 0.58) |
| GP, home visit | 90 | 85 | 0.08 (0.04) | 0.01 (0.01) | 0.07 (−0.02 to 0.15) |
| GP, phone | 90 | 85 | 0.21 (0.06) | 0.26 (0.09) | −0.05 (−0.26 to 0.16) |
| Community physiotherapist, hour | 90 | 85 | 0.06 (0.02) | 0.08 (0.03) | −0.03 (−0.10 to 0.05) |
| Social worker, hour | 90 | 85 | 0.01 (0.01) | 0 (0) | 0.01 (−0.01 to 0.03) |
| District nurse, hour | 89 | 85 | 0.63 (0.09) | 0.53 (0.08) | 0.10 (−0.15 to 0.35) |
| District nurse, phone | 90 | 85 | 0.06 (0.03) | 0.02 (0.02) | 0.03 (−0.03 to 0.10) |
| District nurse, home visit | 90 | 84 | 0.37 (0.34) | 0.01 (0.01) | 0.35 (−0.35 to 1.06) |
| Clinical decision clinic | 95 | 86 | 0.04 (0.02) | 0.02 (0.02) | 0.02 (−0.03 to 0.07) |
| Inpatient stay, episode | 95 | 86 | 0.01 (0.01) | 0.01 (0.01) | 0 (−0.03 to 0.03) |
| Respiratory clinic, visit | 95 | 86 | 0.08 (0.03) | 0.22 (0.07) | −0.14 (−0.29 to 0.01) |
| Hospital nurse | 95 | 86 | 0 (0) | 0.02 (0.02) | −0.02 (−0.05 to 0.01) |
| Emergency department, visit | 95 | 86 | 0.01 (0.01) | 0.03 (0.02) | −0.02 (−0.07 to 0.02) |
| Physiotherapist department, visit | 95 | 86 | 0.01 (0.01) | 0.02 (0.02) | −0.01 (−0.05 to 0.02) |
| X-rays, test | 95 | 86 | 0.17 (0.05) | 0.20 (0.06) | −0.03 (−0.18 to 0.12) |
| CT scan, test | 95 | 86 | 0.01 (0.01) | 0.10 (0.04) | −0.09 (−0.17 to 0.01) |
| Blood tests, test | 94 | 86 | 1.71 (0.40) | 2.10 (0.40) | −0.39 (−1.50 to 0.72) |
| Spirometry test, test | 95 | 86 | 0.07 (0.03) | 0.10 (0.03) | −0.03 (−0.11 to 0.05) |
| Lung function test, test | 95 | 86 | 0.02 (0.01) | 0.05 (0.02) | −0.03 (−0.08 to 0.030 |
| Sputum test, test | 95 | 86 | 0.11 (0.05) | 0.20 (0.08) | −0.09 (−0.28 to 0.09) |
| Electrocardiogram monitoring, test | 95 | 86 | 0.09 (0.03) | 0.15 (0.05) | −0.06 (−0.17 to 0.05) |
| Urine test, test | 95 | 86 | 0.35 (0.08) | 0.28 (0.06) | 0.07 (−0.13 to 0.26) |
SPACE: self-management programme of activity, coping and education; CI: confidence interval; GP: general practitioner.