Table 1.
| Trade Name (Manufacturer) | Generic Name | Indication(s)* | Benefit of NP** |
|---|---|---|---|
| Liposome NPs | |||
| Curosurf (Chiesi USA) | Poractant alfa | Respiratory distress syndrome | Increased delivery with smaller volume, decreased toxicity |
| Doxil (Janssen) | Doxorubicin HCl liposome injection | Karposi’s sarcoma, ovarian cancer, multiple myeloma | Increased delivery to disease site, decreased systemic toxicity of free drug |
| Abelcet (Sigma-Tau) | Liposomal amphotericin B lipid complex | Fungal infections | Decreased toxicity |
| AmBIsome (Gilead Sciences) | Liposomal amphotericin B | Fungal/protozoal infections | Decreased nephrotoxicity |
| DepoDur (Pacira Pharmaceuticals) | Liposomal morphine sulphate | Postoperative analgesia | Extended release |
| DepoCyt (Sigma-Tau) | Liposomal cytarabine | Lymphomatous meningitis | Increased delivery to tumor site, decreased systemic toxicity |
| Marqibo (Spectrum Pharmaceuticals) | Liposomal vincristine | ALL | Increased delivery to tumor site, decreased systemic toxicity |
| Onivyde (Ipsen Biopharmaceuticals) | Liposomal irinotecan | Pancreatic cancer | Increased delivery to tumor site, decreased systemic toxicity |
| Visudyne (Bausch and Lomb) | Liposomal verteporfin | Wet AMD, ocular histoplasmosis, myopia | Increased delivery to site of diseased vessels, photosensitive release |
| Vyxeos (Jazz Pharmaceuticals) | Liposomal daunorubicin and cytarabine | AML, AML with myelodysplasiarelated changes | Increased efficacy through synergistic delivery of co-encapsulated agents |
| Polymer NPs | |||
| Adagen (Leadiant Biosciences) | Pegademase bovine | SCID | Longer circulation time, decreased immunogenicity |
| Adynovate (Shire) | Antihemophilic factor (recombinant), pegylated | Hemophilia | Greater protein stability, longer half-life |
| Cimzia (UCB) | Certolizumab pegol | Crohn’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis | Longer circulation time, greater stability in vivo |
| Copaxone (Teva) | Glatimer acetate | Multiple sclerosis | Controlled clearance |
| Eligard (Tolmar) | Leuprolide acetate and polymer | Prostate cancer | Longer circulation time, controlled payload delivery |
| Krystexxa (Horizon) | Pegloticase | Chronic gout | Greater protein stability |
| Macugen (Bausch and Lomb) | Pegaptinib | Neovascular AMD | Greater aptamer stability |
| Mircera (Vifor) | Methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta | Anemia associated with CKD | Greater aptamer stability |
| Neulasta (Amgen) | Pegfilgrastim | Chemotherapy-induced neutropenia | Greater protein stability |
| Oncaspar (Baxalta U.S.) | Pegaspargase | ALL | Greater protein stability |
| Pegasys (Genentech) | Pegylated IFN alpha-2a | Hepatitis B, hepatitis C | Greater protein stability |
| PegIntron (Merck) | Pegylated IFN alpha-2b | Hepatitis C | Greater protein stability |
| Plegridy (Biogen) | Pegylated IFN beta-1a | Multiple sclerosis | Greater protein stability |
| Rebinyn (Novo Nordisk) (available in 2018) | Coagulation factor IX (recombinant), glycopegylated | Hemophilia B | Longer half-life, greater drug levels between infusions |
| Renvela (Genzyme); and Renagel (Genzyme) | Sevelamer carbonate; and Sevelamer HCl | CKD | Longer circulation time and therapeutic delivery |
| Somavert (Pfizer) | Pegvisomant | Acromegaly | Greater protein stability |
| Zilretta (Flexion Therapeutics) | Triamcinolone acetonide ER injectable suspension | Osteoarthritis knee pain | Extended release |
| Micelle NPs | |||
| Estrasorb (Novavax) | Micellar estradiol | Vasomotor symptoms in menopause | Controlled delivery |
| Nanocrystal NPs | |||
| Avinza (Pfizer) | Morphine sulfate | Psychostimulant | Greater drug loading and bioavailability, ER |
| EquivaBone (Zimmer Biomet) | Hydroxyapatite | Bone substitute | Mimics bone structure |
| Emend (Merck) | Aprepitant | Antiemetic | Greater absorption and bioavailability |
| Focalin (Novartis) | Dexamethylphenidate HCl | Psychostimulant | Greater drug loading and bioavailability |
| Invega Sustenna (Janssen) | Paliperidone palmitate | Schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder | Slow release of injectable low-solubility drug |
| Megace ES (Par Pharmaceuticals) | Megestrol acetate | Antianorexic | Lower dosing |
| NanOss (RTI Surgical) | Hydroxyapatite | Bone substitute | Mimics bone structure |
| Ostim (Heraeus Kulzer) | Hydroxyapatite | Bone substitute | Mimics bone structure |
| OsSatura (IsoTis Orthobiologics) | Hydroxyapatite | Bone substitute | Mimics bone structure |
| Rapamune (Wyeth Pharmaceuticals) | Sirolimus | Immunosuppressant | Greater bioavailability |
| Ritalin LA (Novartis) | Methylphenidate HCl | Psychostimulant | Greater drug loading and bioavailability |
| Ryanodex (Eagle Pharmaceuticals) | Dantrolene sodium | Malignant hypothermia | More rapid rate of dministration at higher doses |
| Tricor (AbbVie) | Fenofibrate | Hyperlipidemia | Greater bioavailability simplifies administration |
| Vitoss (Stryker) | Calcium phosphate | Bone substitute | Mimics bone structure |
| Zanaflex (Acorda) | Tizanidine HCl | Muscle relaxant | Greater drug loading and bioavailability |
| Inorganic NPs | |||
| Dexferrum (American Regent) | Iron dextran | Iron deficiency in CKD | Increased dose |
| Feraheme (AMAG Pharmaceuticals) | Ferumoxytol | Iron deficiency in CKD | Prolonged, steady release with less frequent dosing |
| Ferrlecit (Sanofi-Aventis) | Sodium ferric gluconate complex in sucrose injection | Iron deficiency in CKD | Increased dose |
| Infed (Actavis Pharma) | Iron dextran | Iron deficiency in CKD | Increased dose |
| Venofer (American Regent) | Iron sucrose | Iron deficiency in CKD | Increased dose |
| Protein NPs | |||
| Abraxane (Celgene) | Albumin-bound paclitaxel | Breast cancer, NSCLC, pancreatic cancer | Greater solubility, increased delivery to tumor |
| Ontak (Eisai) | Denileukin diftitox | Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma | Targeted T-cell specificity, lysosomal escape |
*
Refer to complete prescribing information.
**
Compared with conventional formulations.
ALL = acute lymphoblastic leukemia; AMD = age-related macular degeneration; AML = acute myeloid leukemia; CKD = chronic kidney disease; ER = extended release; HCl = hydrochloride; IFN = interferon; NP = nanoparticle; NSCLC = non–small-cell lung cancer; SCID = severe combined immunodeficiency disease.