Table 5.
Genes Involved in Tumorigenesis of Oral Cancer
| Gene | Gene name | Observed change | Co-relation | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| p53 | Tumour protein 53 | ↓ expression | Associated with malignant transformation | Dong.,et al (2015), Goessel., et al (2015), Optiz., et al (2001) |
| Rb | Retinoblastoma protein | ↓ expression | Associated with malignant transformation | Dong.,et al (2015) |
| EGFR | Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor | ↑expression | Associated with malignant transformation | Goessel., et al (2015) |
| CCND1 | Cyclin D1 | ↑expression | Associated with malignant transformation | Goessel., et al (2015), Optiz., et al 2001) |
| c-myc | Avian Myelocytomatosis Viral Oncogene Homolog | ↑ expression | Associated with malignant transformation | Goessel., et al (2015) |
| miRNA-451 | micro RNA 451 | ↓ expression | Inhibits cell proliferation, associated with regulation of c-myc gene | Wang., et al (2016) |
| ABCG2 | ATP Binding Cassette sub-family G member 2 | ↑ expression | associated with malignant transformation of dysplastic tissue to SCC | Dalley., et al (2014) |
| Bmi1 | B lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 homolog | ↑ expression | associated with malignant transformation of dysplastic tissue to SCC | Dalley., et al (2014) |
| miR-206 | Micro RNA 206 | ↓ expression | associated with increased cell proliferation | Yu., et al (2015) |
| Gene | Gene name | Observed change | Co-relation | References |
| hTERT | human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase | Increased activity | associated cell immortalization, epithelial mesenchymal transition | Miyazaki., et al (2015), Hung., et al (2014), Zhao., et al (2015) |
| E6 | HPV early gene 6 | ↑ expression in HPV induced SCC | increases methylation of Tumour suppressor genes | Li., et al (2015), Jiang., et al (2014) |
| E7 | HPV early gene 7 | ↑ expression in HPV induced SCC | increases methylation of Tumour suppressor genes | Li., et al (2015), Jiang., et al (2014) |
| LDOC1 | Leucine Zipper, Down-Regulated In Cancer 1 | ↓ expression | associated with increased cell proliferation and transformation | Lee., et al (2015) |
| miR-31 | micro RNA 31 | ↑ expression | associated with malignant transformation | Hung., et al (2014) |
| LIN28B | Lin 28 Homolog B | ↑ expression | mediates cellular malignant transformation, invasion and metastasis | Wang., et al (2015) |
| miR-145 | micro RNA-145 | Down-regulation | causes increased fibroblast migration, plays a role in stromal epithelial communication | Pal., et al (2013) |
| FOXM1 | Forkhead Box M1 | Up-regulation | induces transformation of oral keratinocytes | Gemenetzidis., et al (2009) |