Table 6. Disordered interaction at discharge and 6 months: Relationships with maternal emotional state and infant social withdrawal behaviour.
| n | m-ADS1, at discharge | m-ADS1, at 6 months | i-ADS2, at discharge | i-ADS2, at 6 months | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % | % (95% CI) | p-value | % (95% CI) | p-value | % (95% CI) | p-value | % (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Maternal emotional state | |||||||||
| Depressive symptoms (CES-D) at discharge | n = 155 | 0.645 | 0.419 | 0.833 | 0.682 | ||||
| Not at risk (score <16) | 61.5 | 50.8 (40.5–61.1) | 30.4 (21.5–41.0) | 34.5 (25.3–45.0) | 22.0 (14.4–32.1) | ||||
| Possible (score 16–22) | 18.6 | 40.2 (23.0–60.2) | 29.0 (14.3–50.0) | 39.2 (22.2–59.2) | 25.8 (12.0–47.0) | ||||
| Probable (score ≥23) | 19.9 | 49.0 (31.2–67.1) | 44.3 (25.6–64.8) | 39.8 (23.5–58.8) | 30.7 (15.2–52.2) | ||||
| Anxiety (STAI-State) at discharge | n = 154 | 0.972 | 0.297 | 0.640 | 0.354 | ||||
| Not significant (score ≤40) | 74.9 | 48.9 (39.4–58.5) | 30.1 (21.9–39.8) | 35.5 (26.9–45.1) | 23.1 (15.9–32.4) | ||||
| Significant (score >40) | 25.1 | 49.3 (33.3–65.3) | 40.4 (24.4–58.7) | 39.9 (25.2–56.7) | 31.6 (17.3–50.5) | ||||
| Anxiety (STAI-Trait) at discharge | n = 157 | 0.273 | 0.684 | 0.226 | 0.236 | ||||
| Not significant (score ≤40) | 67.3 | 44.8 (35.1–55.0) | 32.4 (23.7–42.5) | 32.5 (23.8–42.6) | 22.6 (15.3–32.1) | ||||
| Significant (score >40) | 32.7 | 54.5 (40.4–68.0) | 36.1 (22.4–52.5) | 42.8 (29.6–57.1) | 32.7 (19.5–49.3) | ||||
| Depressive symptoms (CES-D) at 6 months | n = 134 | NA | 0.796 | NA | 0.697 | ||||
| Not at risk (score <16) | 81.6 | 32.8 (24.5–42.3) | 26.1 (18.6–35.3) | ||||||
| Possible (score 16–22) | 8.0 | 28.6 (9.5–60.6) | 19.1 (4.8–52.6) | ||||||
| Probable (score ≥23) | 10.4 | 41.3 (18.0–69.3) | 34.8 (13.7–64.3) | ||||||
| Anxiety (STAI-State) at 6 months | n = 133 | NA | 0.977 | NA | 0.577 | ||||
| Not significant (score ≤40) | 86.5 | 32.7 (24.6–41.9) | 25.6 (18.3–34.6) | ||||||
| Significant (score >40) | 13.5 | 32.3 (14.0–58.2) | 32.3 (14.0–58.2) | ||||||
| Anxiety (STAI-Trait) at 6 months | n = 133 | NA | 0.803 | NA | 0.200 | ||||
| Not significant (score ≤40) | 74.4 | 32.8 (24.1–42.9) | 23.5 (16.1–33.1) | ||||||
| Significant (score >40) | 25.6 | 35.2 (20.6–53.2) | 35.2 (20.6–53.2) | ||||||
| Post-traumatic stress disorders (mPPQ) at 6 months | n = 133 | NA | 0.298 | NA | 0.729 | ||||
| No (score <19) | 54.3 | 37.5 (26.8–49.6) | 26.0 (16.9–37.8) | ||||||
| Yes (score ≥19) | 45.7 | 28.8 (18.6–41.6) | 28.8 (18.6–41.6) | ||||||
| Infant social withdrawal | |||||||||
| Low social behavior (ADBB) at 6 months | n = 146 | NA | 0.179 | NA | 0.002 | ||||
| No (score <5) | 87.8 | 30.4 (23.0–39.0) | 21.3 (15.0–29.4) | ||||||
| Yes (score ≥5) | 12.2 | 46.4 (25.3–69.0) | 56.6 (33.6–77.0) | ||||||
Data are % (95% CI).
1Disordered interaction based on Attachment During Stress (ADS) mother subscale (m-ADS);
2Disordered interaction based on Attachment During Stress (ADS) infant subscale (i-ADS); CES-D: Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; STAI: State Trait Anxiety Inventory for adults (STAI-State: respondent feelings "right now"; STAI-Trait: respondent feelings "generally"); mPPQ: modified Perinatal Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Questionnaire; ADBB: Alarm Distress Baby Scale; NA: not appropriate.