Table S3. Reference equations for males and female.
| Index | Males | Females |
|---|---|---|
| FVC | M = exp [−11.60152 + 2.48807 × ln(− in cm) + 0.08186 × ln (age in year) + Mspline] | M = exp[−10.43245 + 2.24283 × ln(− in cm) + 0.06361 × ln(age in year) + Mspline] |
| S = exp[−2.07986 − 0.02848 × ln(age in year) + Sspline] | S = exp[−5.39540 + 0.70141 × ln(− in cm) − 0.08967 × ln(age in year) + Sspline] | |
| L = 2.1201 − 0.4893 × ln(age in year) | L = 0.4573 | |
| LLN (5th) = exp[ln(M) + ln(1 − 1.645 × L × S)/L] | LLN (5th) = exp[ln(M) + ln(1 − 1.645 × L × S)/L] | |
| FEV1 | M = exp[−10.61669 + 2.27078 × ln(− in cm) + 0.06622 × ln(age in year) + Mspline] | M = exp[−9.69716 + 2.09385 × ln(− in cm) + 0.02006 × ln(age in year) + Mspline] |
| S = exp[−2.15233 − 0.02138 × ln(age in year) + Sspline] | S = exp[−2.36300 + 0.05648 × ln(age in year) + Sspline] | |
| L = 0.5836 | L = 0.4662 | |
| LLN (5th) = exp[ln(M) + ln(1 − 1.645 × L × S)/L] | LLN (5th) = exp[ln(M) + ln(1 − 1.645 × L × S)/L] | |
| FEV1/FVC% | M = exp[5.12465 − 0.11084 × ln(− in cm) − 0.03726 × ln(age in year) + Mspline] | M = exp[5.01251 − 0.07453 × ln(− in cm) − 0.05649 × ln(age in year) + Mspline] |
| S = exp[−8.3848 + 1.2030 × ln(− in cm) − 0.1214 × ln(age in year) + Sspline] | S = exp[−3.1856 + 0.1298 × ln(age in year) + Sspline] | |
| L = 5.2356 − 0.9546 × ln(age in year) | L = 9.601 − 2.177 × ln(age in year) + Lspline | |
| LLN (5th) = exp[ln(M) + ln(1 − 1.645 × L × S)/L] | LLN (5th) = exp[ln(M) + ln(1 − 1.645 × L × S)/L] | |
| PEF | M = exp[−7.0972 + 1.6544 × ln(− in cm) + 0.2314 × ln(age in year) + Mspline] | M = exp[−6.63189 + 1.61459 × ln(− in cm) + 0.08976 × ln(age in year) + Mspline] |
| S = exp[−2.12487 + 0.07994 × ln(age in year) + Sspline] | S = exp[−2.14335 + 0.08554 × ln(age in year) + Sspline] | |
| L = −0.7302 + 0.4091 × ln(age in year) + Lspline | L = 0.549 | |
| LLN (5th) = exp[ln(M) + ln(1 − 1.645 × L × S)/L] | LLN (5th) = exp[ln(M) + ln(1 − 1.645 × L × S)/L] | |
| MMEF | M = exp[−7.90640 + 1.75688 × ln(− in cm) + 0.04649 × ln(age in year) + Mspline] | M = exp[−7.3652 + 1.7026 × ln(− in cm) − 0.0659 × ln(age in year) + Mspline] |
| S = exp[−1.57628 + 0.05703 × ln(age in year) + Sspline] | S = exp[−1.67172 + 0.08597 × ln(age in year) + Sspline] | |
| L = 0.4376 | L = 0.455 | |
| LLN (5th) = exp[ln(M) + ln(1 − 1.645 × L × S)/L] | LLN (5th) = exp[ln(M) + ln(1 − 1.645 × L × S)/L] |
Spline is an age-specific contribution from the spline function. FVC, forced vital capacity; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; PEF, peak expiratory flow; MMEF, maximal midexpiratory flow; LLN, lower limit of normal; M, indicates the predicted value; S, indicates scatter, the coefficient of variation; L, indicates location, the skewness.