Table 1. CRD mortality, tobacco smoking, national systems response and WHO initiated activities in selected GARD countries, 2008 and 2012.
| Countries | Proportional CRD mortality (% of total deaths, all ages, both sexes) | Current tobacco smoking (%) | NCD unit in the Ministry of Health or equivalent | NCD/CRD national policy, strategy or actin plan | Policy strategy or action plan against tobacco | WHO initiated global CRD activities | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Males | Females | Total | GINA | GOLD | ARIA | PAL | |||||||||||||||||||
| 2008 | 2012 | 2008 | 2011 | 2008 | 2011 | 2008 | 2011 | 2008 | 2012 | 2008 | 2012 | 2008 | 2012 | 1993 | 1998 | 1999 | 2004 | ||||||||
| Brazil | 6 | 6 | 17.3 | 22 | 11 | 13 | 14.1 | 17 | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | +++ | +++ | +++ | +++ | |||||||
| Chile | 6 | 6 | 38.4 | 44 | 32.7 | 38 | 35.6 | 41 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | +++ | +++ | +++ | +++ | |||||||
| Finland | 3 | 3 | 24.4 | 27 | 15.8 | 20 | 20 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | * | Yes | No | +++ | +++ | +++ | ||||||||
| Italy | 5 | 5 | 26.3 | 31 | 13.5 | 18 | 19.6 | 25 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | +++ | +++ | +++ | ||||||||
| Kyrgyzstan | 6 | 4 | 38.2 | 45 | 1.3 | 2 | 19.2 | 23 | * | No | * | Yes | * | Yes | +++ | +++ | +++ | +++ | |||||||
| Netherlands | 6 | 6 | 24.6 | 29 | 23.6 | 23 | 24.1 | 26 | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | No | +++ | +++ | +++ | ||||||||
| Portugal | 6 | 6 | 27 | 30 | 10.7 | 15 | 18.5 | 22 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | * | Yes | +++ | +++ | +++ | ||||||||
| Republic of Korea | 5 | 5 | 50.4 | 49 | 4.9 | 8 | 27.2 | 28 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | +++ | +++ | +++ | ||||||||
| Russia | 2 | 2 | 65.5 | 59 | 19.7 | 25 | 40.5 | 40 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | +++ | +++ | +++ | + | |||||||
*, no information; +++, supported by national authorities, taken into national guidelines; +, presented in the country, taken into local guidelines. GARD, Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases; CRD, chronic respiratory disease; GINA, Global Initiative on Asthma; GOLD, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma; PAL, Practical Approach to Lung Health; NCD, noncommunicable disease.