Table 4. Patient characteristics associated with clinical success of the procedures.
| Variables | Successful removal of tracheostomy tube* | Successful removal of airway prosthesis† | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||||||||
| OR (95% CI) | P value | aOR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | aOR (95% CI) | P value | ||||
| Age (years) | 0.989 (0.966–1.012) | 0.353 | – | – | 0.990 (0.967–1.014) | 0.417 | – | – | |||
| Male | 0.773 (0.344–1.738) | 0.533 | – | – | 1.036 (0.446–2.409) | 0.934 | – | – | |||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 0.993 (0.886–1.112) | 0.903 | – | – | 0.961 (0.854–1.082) | 0.513 | – | – | |||
| Poor performance status‡ | 0.219 (0.084–0.572) | 0.002 | 0.288 (0.080–1.036) | 0.057 | 0.204 (0.083–0.503) | 0.001 | 0.226 (0.067–0.763) | 0.017 | |||
| Reason for tracheostomy | |||||||||||
| Neurological disease | 0.800 (0.346–1.852) | 0.602 | – | – | 0.494 (0.193–1.261) | 0.140 | – | – | |||
| Respiratory failure | 1.521 (0.525–4.412) | 0.440 | – | – | 0.701 (0.228–2.152) | 0.535 | – | – | |||
| Heart failure | 0.795 (0.200–3.166) | 0.745 | – | – | 1.052 (0.246–4.505) | 0.946 | – | – | |||
| Trauma | 0.750 (0.306–1.838) | 0.529 | – | – | 1.670 (0.665–4.192) | 0.275 | – | – | |||
| Previous treatment history at another hospital | 1.055 (0.421–2.643) | 0.910 | – | – | 0.907 (0.346–2.383) | 0.844 | – | – | |||
| Severity of tracheal stenosis | |||||||||||
| Grade I–III | Reference | – | Reference | – | Reference | – | Reference | – | |||
| Grade IV | 0.093 (0.020–0.425) | 0.002 | 0.114 (0.021–0.627) | 0.013 | 0.136 (0.049–0.373) | <0.001 | 0.189 (0.052–0.681) | 0.011 | |||
| Length of stenosis (mm) | 0.980 (0.950–1.011) | 0.205 | – | – | 0.964 (0.927–1.002) | 0.063 | – | – | |||
| Stenosis types | |||||||||||
| Fibrosis | 2.000 (0.789–5.010) | 0.139 | – | – | 1.715 (0.610–4.826) | 0.307 | – | – | |||
| Granulation | 0.500 (0.217–1.154) | 0.104 | – | – | 0.560 (0.239–1.310) | 0.181 | – | – | |||
| Malacia | 0.748 (0.278–2.016) | 0.566 | – | – | 0.455 (0.139–1.495) | 0.195 | – | – | |||
| Mixed | 0.701 (0.312–1.575) | 0.390 | – | – | 0.517 (0.218–1.223) | 0.133 | – | – | |||
| PTTS types | |||||||||||
| Subglottic or stoma type | Reference | – | Reference | – | Reference | – | Reference | – | |||
| Cuff or tip type | 0.331 (0.143–0.767) | 0.010 | 0.290 (0.087–0.967) | 0.044 | 0.561 (0.230–1.364) | 0.202 | 0.480 (0.143–1.611) | 0.235 | |||
*, patients who survived and maintained airway patency without a tracheostomy tube or surgical management; †, patients who survived and maintained airway patency without a tracheostomy tube, silicone stent, or surgical management; ‡, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance grade ≥3 means patients were confined to a bed or chair more than 50% of the day. aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; PTTS, post-tracheostomy tracheal stenosis.