Table 4.

Relative gene expression in the liver of buffaloes experimentally infected with F. gigantica compared to the control group. The relative quantities were obtained according to the comparative Cq method (2^–ΔΔCq). P values indicate statistical significance (P < 0.05)

Gene Target	ANOVA		Multiple comparisons
			3 dpi		10 dpi		28 dpi		42 dpi		70 dpi		98 dpi
	F (DFn, DFd)	P	RQ	P	RQ	P	RQ	P	RQ	P	RQ	P	RQ	P
IFN-γ	4.693(6, 21)	0.0035	2.08	0.4326	5.51	0.1282	2.06	0.7358	3.21	0.4590	9.27	0.0079	13.91	0.0003
TGF-β	4.738(6, 19)	0.0041	13.93	0.0003	3.07	0.4884	1.67	0.8036	3.85	0.3408	1.63	0.8371	2.66	0.6062
IL-1β	11.05(6, 26)	< 0.0001	1.31	0.9767	1.27	0.9811	14.25	0.0007	0.26	0.8137	2.31	0.8025	28.45	< 0.0001
IL-4	2.877(6, 24)	0.0291	7.01	0.5847	19.4	0.4892	97.21	0.0028	27.9	0.3121	9.43	0.7749	67.14	0.0630
IL-6	7.636(6, 24)	0.0001	5.50	0.8529	2.81	0.9366	78.1	0.0002	1.94	0.9728	23.14	0.2805	94.56	0.0008
IL-10	2.514(6, 26)	0.0471	5.99	0.7003	9.92	0.3184	21.18	0.0694	2.3	0.9579	6.24	0.4902	32.67	0.0036
IL-12B	5.595(6, 26)	0.0008	5.92	0.4786	3.99	0.4746	13.68	0.0759	0.86	0.9825	5.37	0.5312	24.84	< 0.0001
IL-13	6.56(6, 20)	0.0006	2.09	0.8459	7.80	0.1522	11.87	0.0259	5.45	0.3499	10.8	0.0426	27.33	< 0.0001
IL-17A	3.532(6, 21)	0.0142	0.33	0.4612	0.07	0.3694	5.95	0.0114	0.26	0.4327	0.28	0.4400	2.99	0.6354
T-bet	2.173(6, 28)	0.076	2.16	0.7923	0.25	0.7830	4.73	0.1018	3.93	0.4158	3.99	0.4606	11.38	0.0113
GATA-3	3.319(6, 28)	0.0135	0.84	0.8101	1.42	0.9579	5.18	0.0035	4.80	0.0889	1.34	0.9397	1.8	0.6952
Foxp3	1.455(6, 28)	0.2296	0.70	0.9054	1.07	0.9749	3.03	0.0424	3.97	0.3705	3.40	0.4458	3.05	0.1372
ROR-γτ	4.387(6, 28)	0.003	2.25	0.7567	4.57	0.3780	10.28	0.0002	3.24	0.5637	2.68	0.7076	2.55	0.7148

Abbreviations: RQ, relative quantity (mean); F _{(DFn, DFd)}, degrees of freedom with numerator and degrees of freedom denominator inside the subscript parentheses