Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Study Participants—All‐Cause Mortality Analysis Set
| All | Lowest Nitrate Tertile | Intermediate Nitrate Tertile | Highest Nitrate Tertile | No Prevalent CVD Group | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of participants | 2855 | 949 | 952 | 954 | 2546 |
| Nitrate, μmol/L, median (25th–75th percentile) | 38.4 (29.3–53.0) | 25.8 (22.1–29.3) | 38.3 (34.9–42.3) | 60.9 (53.0–76.9) | 37.9 (29.0–52.3) |
| Ln‐nitrate, μmol/L | 3.7±0.47 | 3.2±0.2 | 3.6±0.1 | 4.2±0.3 | 3.7±0.5 |
| Age, y | 59±10 | 58±10 | 59±10 | 60±10 | 58±10 |
| Men, No. (%) | 1315 (46.0) | 437 (46.5) | 446 (46.9) | 432 (45.3) | 1118 (43.9) |
| BMI, kg/m² | 27.9±5.2 | 28.0±5.5 | 28.0±5.0 | 27.7±5.1 | 27.8±5.2 |
| BP, mm Hg | |||||
| Systolic | 128±19 | 127±19 | 129±19 | 130±19 | 128±19 |
| Diastolic | 75±9 | 75±9 | 75±10 | 75±10 | 75±9 |
| Antihypertensive medication, No. (%) | 799 (28.0) | 204 (21.5) | 263 (27.63) | 332 (34.8) | 614 (24.1) |
| Smokers, No. (%) | 406 (14.2) | 91 (9.6) | 153 (16.1) | 162 (17.0) | 358 (14.1) |
| Diabetes mellitus, No. (%) | 319 (11.2) | 72 (7.6) | 107 (11.2) | 140 (14.7) | 235 (9.2) |
| Prevalent CVD, No. (%) | 309 (10.8) | 75 (7.9) | 100 (10.5) | 134 (14.5) | Excluded |
| High alcohol consumptiona | 409 (14.3) | 116 (12.2) | 134 (14.1) | 159 (16.7) | 366 (14.4) |
| C‐reactive protein, mg/dL, median (25th–75th percentile) | 2.01 (0.92–4.62) | 1.83 (0.79–4.26) | 2.11 (0.93–4.69) | 2.13 (1.02–4.85) | 1.95 (0.88–4.48) |
| eGFR, mL/min per 1.73 m2 | 70.9±14.1 | 73.3±13.3 | 71.1±14.4 | 68.4±14.3 | 71.4±13.8 |
Values are expressed as mean+standard deviation unless otherwise indicated. BMI indicates body mass index; BP, blood pressure; CVD, cardiovascular disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate.
a
More than 14 drinks per week for men and >7 drinks per week for women.