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. 2017 Nov 18;6(11):e006778. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.117.006778

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© 2017 The Authors. Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wiley.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

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Plaque T‐cell activation. To investigate the plaque T‐cell activation, dendritic cells (DCs) were generated from blood monocytes of atherosclerotic patients; DCs were stimulated with 5 μg/mL of heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) and coculture with the plaque T cells of the same patients. First, we have determined classic T‐cell activation marker CD25 (intermediate activation) from 6 patients, where we observed CD25 induction against HSP60. Next, early activation marker CD69 and late activation marker CD71 from 4 patients also tested against HSP60. The induction of CD69 and CD71 also was similar to CD25 induction. Cells were cultured in triplicates (with determination of statistical significance) or duplicates (where material from plaques was not sufficient for triplicates) from each patient. *P≤0.05; **P≤0.01; ***P≤0.0001.