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. 2017 Nov 18;6(11):e006778. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.117.006778

Figure 4.

Figure 4

T helper (Th) cells differentiation: 1 representative experiment of 3 individual experiments. A, Heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) (5 μg/mL) induced DCs were cocultured with CD3+ T cells. Cytokines were measured from coculture supernatants. In HSP60 treated coculture, high level of pro‐inflammatory cytokines was observed. B, Next, Th cell differentiating transcription factors were analyzed by reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Th1 transcription factor T‐bet was increased more than 3‐fold whereas Th2 transcription factor GATA‐3 increase was negligible. In addition, FoxP3 and RORC transcription factor for T regulatory cells and IL‐17 producing T cells, respectively, also increased. C, Cell culture supernatants from the patients were used only for IFN‐γ measurement. IFN‐γ detection from 4 patients shows higher induction by HSP60. Patients’ samples were in duplicates. D, mRNA level or transcription factor was analyzed from 3 patients, where mostly Th1 transcription factor was increased. DCs indicates dendritic cells; FoxP3, Forkhead box P3; GATA3, GATA binding protein 3; IFN‐γ, interferon‐γ; IL‐6, interleukin‐6; ns, not significant; RORC, RAR Related Orphan Receptor C; T‐bet, T‐box expressed in‐T‐cells; TNF‐α, tumor necrosis factor α; TGF‐β1, transforming growth factor‐β1. *P≤0.05; **P≤0.01; ***P≤0.0001.