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. 2017 Oct 12;6(10):e002641. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.117.006593

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is involved in myointimal hyperplasia and vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation. A, Heat map of transcriptome array comparing expression of genes involved in the regulation of mitochondrial function between ligated and contralateral unligated mouse carotid arteries harvested 3 days after the procedure. n=3. B and C, mRNA and protein expression levels of UCP2 in unligated and ligated mouse carotid arteries at different time points after the procedure were measured by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, respectively. n=5 for mRNA, n=3 for protein. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 vs control. D, Protein expression of platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF) in unligated and ligated mouse carotid arteries 3 days after procedure. n=3. **P<0.01 vs unligated. E and F, mRNA and protein expression of UCP2 in human aortic SMCs treated with or without human recombined PDGF for 24 and 48 hours. n=6 for mRNA, n=4 for protein. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 vs control (0 hour). G, JC‐1 staining of SMCs treated with or without PDGF for 48 hours. JC‐1 monomers emit green fluorescence, whereas J‐aggregates emit orange‐red fluorescence. Bar=50 μm. H, Mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) was evaluated with green (low ΔΨm) to red (high ΔΨm) fluorescence. n=6 independent experiments. **P<0.01 vs control.