Figure 9.

DPP4 deletion ameliorates aortic senescence and endothelial sprouting. A, On postoperative d 14, the aortas were subjected to β‐gal staining. Representative β‐gal staining images show that DPP4 deficiency ameliorated aortic senescence. B, On operative d 14, the aortas from rats of both genotypes were cultured in matrix gel for 7 d. Representative microscopy images and quantitative data for aortic endothelial sprouting length (n=5, Student t test). C and D, Representative immunoblots and quantitative data show the levels of targeted proteins in the aortas of mice (C) and rats (D). Data are mean±SE (n=3). *P<0.01 by ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests. Scale bar, 50 μm. β‐Gal indicates β‐galactosidase; DPP4, dipeptidyl peptidase‐4; PGC‐1α, PPAR‐γ co‐activator 1α; PPAR‐γ, peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ.