Table 2.
Antibiotic prophylaxis and prevalence and types of early bacterial infections.
| Variable | Edmonton cohort (n = 225) % (n) or mean ± SD | Barcelona cohort (n = 146) % (n) or mean ± SD | Total group (n = 371) % (n) or mean ± SD |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prophylactic antibiotic therapy given at AVH presentation | |||
| -Second-generation quinolone | 50% (112) | 54% (79) | 52% (191) |
| -Third-generation cephalosporin | 45% (101) | 45% (66) | 45% (167) |
| -Other broad-spectrum antibiotic | 5% (12) | 1% (1) | 3% (13) |
| Prevalence of early bacterial infection | |||
| Bacterial infection | 13% (30/225) | 14% (21/146) | 14% (51/371) |
| Culture positive | 70% (21/30) | 80% (17/21) | 74.5% (38/51) |
| Gram-positive | 76% (16/21) | 47% (8/17) | 63% (24/38) |
| Mean timing of infection (days) | 6 ± 4.7 | 6 ± 3.8 | 6 ± 4.3 |
| Type of early bacterial infection | |||
| Respiratory infection | 43% (13/30) | 66% (14/21) | 53% (27/51) |
| -Pneumonia | 43% (13/30) | 33% (7/21) | 39% (20/51) |
| -Tracheobronchitis | – | 33% (7/21) | 14% (7/51) |
| Urinary tract infection | 20% (6/30) | 14% (3/21) | 17% (9/51) |
| Spontaneous bacteremia | 17% (5/30) | 14% (3/21) | 16% (8/51) |
| SBP | 20% (6/30) | 0% | 12% (6/51) |
| Line infection | 0% | 5% (1/21) | 2% (1/51) |
AVH: acute variceal hemorrhage; SBP: spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.