Table 5.
Predictors of early bacterial infection in the combined dataset of 371 patients who received AVH antibiotic prophylaxis.
| Univariable analysis |
Multivariable analysis |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | OR (95% CI) | p value | OR (95% CI) | p value |
| Male gender | 0.73 (0.38 to 1.39) | 0.34 | ||
| Age (years) | 1.0 (0.98 to 1.03) | 0.83 | ||
| Intubated for bleed | 2.4 (1.3 to 4.4) | 0.005 | 2.6 (1.1 to 6.5) | 0.04 |
| On outpatient antibiotic prophylaxis (FQ n = 36), (septra n = 2) | 3.5 (1.6 to 7.4) | 0.001 | 5.4 (1.4 to 21.3) | 0.02 |
| Oral PPI therapy | 0.71 (0.38 to 1.34) | 0.30 | ||
| Beta-blocker therapy | 0.64 (0.31 to 1.3) | 0.22 | ||
| Ascites on day of bleed | 6.0 (2.6 to 13.7) | 0.001 | 4.3 (0.96 to 19.3) | 0.06 |
| CP score | 1.27 (1.10 to 1.45) | 0.001 | ||
| MELD | 1.06 (1.02 to 1.11) | 0.003 | 1.01 (0.95 to 1.07) | 0.81 |
| Sodium (mmol/l) | 0.99 (0.94 to 1.04) | 0.64 | ||
| Peripheral blood leukocytes (×109 cells/l) | 1.06 (1.02 to 1.11) | 0.009 | 1.04 (0.97 to 1.10) | 0.28 |
| Albumin (g/l) | 0.98 (0.93 to 1.02) | 0.29 | ||
AVH: acute variceal hemorrhage; FQ: fluoroquinolone; PPI: proton pump inhibitor; CP: Child Pugh score; MELD: model for end-stage liver disease; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval. Bold indicates p values statistically significant with p < 0.05.