Table 4.
Subgroup Bivariate Analysis Between ASA II and ASA III Patients for Patient Characteristics (N = 5488).a
| ASA Class II | ASA Class III | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Category | n | % | n | % | P |
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 1547 | 60.4% | 1719 | 58.7% | .2067 |
| Male | 1014 | 39.6% | 1208 | 41.3% | |
| Age ≥65 years | 782 | 30.5% | 1423 | 48.6% | <.0001 |
| Race | |||||
| White | 2093 | 81.7% | 2374 | 81.1% | .1546 |
| Other | 201 | 7.8% | 203 | 6.9% | |
| Hispanic | 93 | 3.6% | 110 | 3.8% | |
| Black | 174 | 6.8% | 240 | 8.2% | |
| Obese | 919 | 35.9% | 1421 | 48.5% | <.0001 |
| Diabetes | 161 | 6.3% | 627 | 21.4% | <.0001 |
| Dyspnea | 86 | 3.4% | 233 | 8.0% | <.0001 |
| Partially or totally dependent functional status | 60 | 2.3% | 177 | 6.0% | <.0001 |
| Pulmonary comorbidity | 53 | 2.1% | 211 | 7.2% | <.0001 |
| Cardiac comorbidity | 1081 | 42.2% | 1956 | 66.8% | <.0001 |
| Renal comorbidity | 2 | 0.1% | 14 | 0.5% | .0061 |
| Smoke | 523 | 20.4% | 621 | 21.2% | .4697 |
| Steroid use | 48 | 1.9% | 146 | 5.0% | <.0001 |
| Recent weight loss | 0 | 0.0% | 10 | 0.3% | .0031 |
| Bleeding disorder | 14 | 0.5% | 48 | 1.6% | .0001 |
| Preoperative RBC transfusion | 3 | 0.1% | 10 | 0.3% | .0879 |
| Operation time ≥4 hours | 1092 | 42.6% | 1534 | 52.4% | <.0001 |
| Operation year | |||||
| 2010 | 220 | 8.6% | 221 | 7.6% | .2526 |
| 2011 | 146 | 5.7% | 185 | 6.3% | |
| 2012 | 178 | 7.0% | 218 | 7.4% | |
| 2013 | 957 | 37.4% | 1041 | 35.6% | |
| 2014 | 1060 | 41.4% | 1262 | 43.1% | |
| Osteotomy | 325 | 12.7% | 474 | 16.2% | .0002 |
| Fusion to pelvis | 165 | 6.4% | 305 | 10.4% | <.0001 |
| Fusion length | |||||
| Long | 1522 | 59.4% | 1931 | 66.0% | <.0001 |
| Short | 1039 | 40.6% | 996 | 34.0% | |
| Surgical approach | |||||
| Posterior | 1272 | 49.7% | 1827 | 62.4% | <.0001 |
| Anterior | 1177 | 46.0% | 1009 | 34.5% | |
| Combined | 112 | 4.4% | 91 | 3.1% | |
Abbreviations: ASA, American Society for Anesthesiologists; RBC, red blood cell.
aBolded values indicate statistical significance.