Table 2.
Demographics and Clinical Characteristics of Adults Undergoing ACDF by Anesthesia Cohort.
| Anesthesia Time | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | Group 1, n (%) | Group 2, n (%) | Group 3, n (%) | Group 4, n (%) | Group 5, n (%) | P Value | |
| Features (%) | 3801 (100) | 761 (20.0) | 760 (20.0) | 760 (20.0) | 760 (20.0) | 760 (20.0) | |
| Gender | |||||||
| Female | 49.91% | 58.08% | 53.55% | 49.61% | 47.63% | 40.66% | <.0001 |
| Male | 50.09% | 41.92% | 46.45% | 50.39% | 52.37% | 59.34% | |
| Race | |||||||
| White | 73.48% | 78.45% | 72.76% | 73.29% | 72.24% | 70.66% | <.0001 |
| Black | 10.02% | 5.65% | 9.34% | 9.61% | 10.79% | 14.74% | |
| Hispanic | 5.34% | 2.50% | 5.66% | 7.24% | 6.84% | 4.47% | |
| Other | 11.15% | 13.40% | 12.24% | 9.87% | 10.13% | 10.13% | |
| Age group (years) | |||||||
| <50 | 44.65% | 47.44% | 48.55% | 47.11% | 42.76% | 37.37% | <.0001 |
| 51-60 | 30.99% | 28.65% | 29.08% | 31.45% | 32.50% | 33.29% | |
| 61-70 | 17.00% | 15.77% | 14.61% | 14.87% | 17.24% | 22.50% | |
| 71-80 | 6.10% | 6.70% | 6.45% | 5.00% | 6.45% | 5.92% | |
| >80 | 1.26% | 1.45% | 1.32% | 1.58% | 1.05% | 0.92% | |
| Obese class | |||||||
| Nonobese (<29.9 kg/m2) | 54.91% | 57.29% | 53.29% | 55.13% | 55.00% | 53.82% | .438 |
| Obese I (30-34.9 kg/m2) | 26.26% | 25.36% | 27.63% | 26.05% | 25.00% | 27.24% | |
| Obese II (35-39.9 kg/m2) | 11.34% | 10.78% | 13.16% | 10.26% | 11.32% | 11.18% | |
| Obese III (≥40 kg/m2) | 7.50% | 6.57% | 5.92% | 8.55% | 8.68% | 7.76% | |
| ASA classification | |||||||
| 1 to 2 | 62.98% | 70.30% | 68.68% | 62.89% | 59.47% | 53.55% | <.0001 |
| 3 to 4 | 37.02% | 29.70% | 31.32% | 37.11% | 40.53% | 46.45% | |
| Surgical setting | |||||||
| Inpatient | 80.27% | 70.57% | 76.45% | 79.21% | 85.26% | 89.87% | <.0001 |
| Outpatient | 19.73% | 29.43% | 23.55% | 20.79% | 14.74% | 10.13% | |
| Diabetes | 14.60% | 13.27% | 13.42% | 12.11% | 16.45% | 17.76% | .008 |
| Smoke | 33.62% | 33.38% | 34.08% | 36.84% | 30.79% | 33.03% | .166 |
| Alcohol | 3.21% | 1.97% | 2.11% | 3.29% | 4.47% | 4.21% | .011 |
| Dyspnea | |||||||
| At rest | 0.39% | 0.53% | 0.26% | 0.39% | 0.39% | 0.39% | .996 |
| Moderate exertion | 6.45% | 6.44% | 6.05% | 6.18% | 6.84% | 6.71% | |
| No dyspnea | 93.16% | 93.04% | 93.68% | 93.42% | 92.76% | 92.89% | |
| Functional status prior to surgery | |||||||
| Independent | 97.34% | 99.08% | 97.11% | 98.42% | 96.45% | 95.66% | .0003 |
| Partially dependent | 2.34% | 0.39% | 2.63% | 1.45% | 3.29% | 3.95% | |
| Totally dependent | 0.32% | 0.53% | 0.26% | 0.13% | 0.26% | 0.39% | |
Abbreviations: ACDF, anterior cervical discectomy and fusion; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists.