Table 3. Transmission rates corresponding to each combination of 3 treatment regimens during pregnancy (AZT, HAART or none), infant adherence or non-adherence to NVP for 6 weeks post-delivery, and adherence or non-adherence to feeding guidelines.
| Probability Transmission Estimate | Percentage | 95% Confidence Interval | References* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Probability of vertical transmission in the absence of PMTCT and lack of adherence to infant feeding guidelines | 30 | 25–35 | [24, 63] |
| Probability of vertical transmission when mother is on AZT regimen, infant does not receive NVP, and there is no adherence to infant feeding guidelines | 21 | 13–30 | [64] |
| Probability of vertical transmission when mother receives no treatment, infant does receive NVP, and there is no adherence to infant feeding guidelines | 13.6 | 12.9–15.8 | Imputed** |
| Probability of vertical transmission when mother receives no treatment, infant does not receive NVP, and there is adherence to infant feeding guidelines | 25.7 | 23.8–27.4 | Imputed** |
| Probability of vertical transmission when mother receives no treatment, infant does receive NVP, and there is adherence to infant feeding guidelines | 8.3 | 6–12.3 | Imputed** |
| Probability of vertical transmission when mother is on AZT regimen, infant does not receive NVP, and there is adherence to infant feeding guidelines | 18 | 12.4–23.5 | [65] |
| Probability of vertical transmission when mother is on AZT regimen, infant receives NVP, and there is no adherence to infant feeding guidelines | 9.5 | 6.7–13.5 | [66] |
| Probability of vertical transmission when mother is on AZT regimen, infant receives NVP, and there is adherence to infant feeding guidelines | 5.8 | 3.1–10.5 | [66] |
| Probability of vertical transmission when mother is on HAART regimen, infant does not receive NVP, and there is no adherence to infant feeding guidelines | 5.1 | 2.8–9.0 | [67] |
| Probability of vertical transmission when mother is on HAART regimen, infant does not receive NVP, and there is adherence to infant feeding guidelines | 2.9 | 1.9–4.4 | [68] |
| Probability of vertical transmission when mother is on HAART regimen, infant receives NVP, and there is no adherence to infant feeding guidelines | 4.8 | 2.9–8.0 | [66] |
| Probability of vertical transmission when mother is on HAART regimen, infant receives NVP, and there is adherence to infant feeding guidelines | 1.1 | 0.5–2.2 | [69] |
*Data extracted from southern African countries including South Africa.
**See Supplementary Materials.