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. 2017 Dec 8;3(12):eaao5520. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aao5520

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Copyright © 2017 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).

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Fig. 1 — The custom TRUE focusing system combined a DOPC system with a patch clamp electrophysiology amplifier and headstage. Acute brain slices were held in a custom perfusion chamber that contained warmed, carbogenated aCSF. The TRUE light beam illuminated the tissue at an oblique 45° angle, and the borosilicate patch pipette electrode was used for neurophysiological measurements. (A) A DIC microscope was included for neuron visualization during patch clamping. (B) The TRUE focusing system allowed light to be sharply focused through the brain slice. (C) A close-up image of the TRUE focus on a patched neuron. Scale bars, 20 μm in (A) and 50 μm in (B).