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. 2017 Dec 8;8:2010. doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-01847-z

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 7 — Model results showing the stresses in the overriding plate. a Trench-normal horizontal deviatoric normal stress (σ _XX) at the overriding plate surface in the centre of the subduction zone at four different times (31.7 Myr corresponding to the Middle Jurassic in nature, 67.5 Myr corresponding to the Early Cretaceous, 132.8 Myr corresponding to the latest Cretaceous, and 182.6 Myr corresponding to the Late Cenozoic). b Cross-sections showing overriding plate σ _XX in the centre of the subduction zone at four different times. c σ _XX at the surface at 31.7 Myr (corresponding to the Middle Jurassic) for three locations (in the centre of the subduction zone, at 1200 km from the centre and at 2400 km from the centre, i.e. close to the lateral slab edges). d σ _XX at the surface for three locations at 182.6 Myr (corresponding to the Late Cenozoic). Note that T indicates the location of the trench. Also note that the highest tension in c occurs at 2400 km from the centre (i.e. close to the lateral slab edges), while the highest compression in d occurs in the centre of the wide subduction zone