Figure 5.

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and occurrence of subsequent exacerbations in COPD patients in the US, 2010.

Notes: In a retrospective cohort study of 12,327 matched pairs, CAP patients aged ≥18 years who had continuous and comprehensive health benefits, evidence of COPD, and no evidence of pneumonia during the preceding year were identified between January and December 2010. One comparison patient from the corresponding source population who had continuous and comprehensive health benefits, evidence of COPD, and no evidence of pneumonia during the preceding year was matched with each CAP patient on the date of the initial CAP encounter (or inpatient admission date) or within the next 30 days. Comparison patients were also matched with each CAP patient on age (±1 year), sex, and selected markers of health status measured in the preceding year. Exacerbation was defined as a hospitalization or emergency department visit during follow-up, which began 30 days after pneumonia diagnosis and ended 12 months later. *P<0.001. From Weycker et al;⁹⁶ reprinted with permission from the authors.