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Preoperative antibiotic use and presence of pathogenic bacterial infection may influence IgD levels in nasal tissue. A, History of preoperative antibiotic use was obtained from electronic medical records. B, Nasal swab cultures were performed prior to sinus surgery. IgD levels in UT were measured by using ELISA. Dot plots illustrate individual data points, and solid lines represent means ± SEMs. *P < .05.
