Table 2.

Evidence for the necessity of EAAT_1-3 in the maintenance and regulation of glutamate homeostasis.

Research in normal/disease states	Intervention	Effects	Reference
Normal	Delta(9)-THC	↓ GLAST/GLT-1, ↓ glutamate uptake	Castaldo et al., 2010
Normal	Ochratoxin A	↓ GLAST/GLT-1, ↓ glutamate uptake	Razafimanjato et al., 2010
Normal/hypoxic	BDNF/CoCl2	↑ GLAST, ↑ glutamate uptake	Dai et al., 2012
Alcohol consumption	Per2 mutant	↓ GLAST, ↑ intraparenchymal glutamate	Spanagel et al., 2005
Normal	Antisense oligonucleotide	↓ GLAST/GLT-1, ↑ intraparenchymal glutamate	Rothstein et al., 1996
Hearing loss	GLAST KO	↓ GLAST, ↑ intraparenchymal glutamate	Hakuba et al., 2000
Normal	Morphine	↓ EAAT3, ↑ extracellular glutamate	Guo et al., 2015

BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; KO, knock out.