A) Attenuated differential responding in the left amygdala to gain/loss versus neutral outcomes mediates the relationship between elevated stress reactivity and depression severity in preschool age children. Values represent beta coefficients generated by the SPSS PROCESS macro procedure for mediation model 4. a = p < .05; b = includes maternal depression as a covariate; c = includes maternal depression and stress reactivity as covariates B) Scatter plots illustrating the positive correlation between AUCg and child depression severity (r = .32, p = .021), the negative correlation between gain/loss minus neutral difference scores in the left amygdala and AUCg (r = −.37, p = .006), and the negative correlation between gain/loss minus neutral difference scores in the left amygdala and child depression severity (r = −.40, p = .003). Plots including depression severity scores represent the residualized values for each variable after controlling for maternal depression.