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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Dec 11.
Published in final edited form as: J Viral Hepat. 2016 Mar 30;23(9):718–729. doi: 10.1111/jvh.12538

Table 2.

Multivariate analysis: Impact of HCV treatment and SVR on clinical outcomes (Mortality, HCC and Non-HCC Cancer)

Mortality
HCC
Non-HCC cancer
Parameter Value Comparator group aHR (CI) P value Overall
P value		 aHR (CI) P value Overall
P value		 aHR (CI) P value Overall
P value
Age (years) 40 < 50 <40 1.93 (1.39–2.68) <0.0001 <0.0001   1.96 (1.08–3.55)   0.0262 <0.0001 2.27 (1.19–4.32)   0.0124 <0.0001
50 < 60 3.66 (2.62–5.12) <0.0001   4.55 (2.5–8.27) <0.0001 4.36 (2.3–8.26) <0.0001
≥60 4.54 (3.06–6.74) <0.0001   5.86 (3.01–11.41) <0.0001 7.89 (3.99–15.62) <0.0001
Sex Male Female 1.53 (1.29–1.83) <0.0001 <0.0001   2.13 (1.59–2.85) <0.0001 <0.0001
Race Asian/other White 1.05 (0.75–1.47)   0.7603 <0.0001   1.16 (0.75–1.78)   0.5012   0.0007   0.97 (0.62–1.53)   0.9117   0.0056
Black   0.69 (0.53–0.89)   0.0048   0.53 (0.38–0.74)   0.0002 1.83 (1.29–2.59)   0.0007
Unknown 2.22 (1.52–3.23) <0.0001   1.42 (0.79–2.54)   0.2387   0.76 (0.35–1.68)   0.5015
Insurance Medicare Medicaid   0.92 (0.69–1.23)   0.5571 <0.0001
 Type None   1.6 (0.91–2.83)   0.1036
Private   0.58 (0.45–0.75) <0.0001
Unknown NA   0.9533
Median $30 < 50K <$30K   0.87 (0.71–1.07)   0.1933   0.014
 Household $50 < 75K   0.64 (0.49–0.84)   0.0011
 Income ≥$75K   0.67 (0.45–1.01)   0.0548
Not Reported 1.03 (0.55–1.9)   0.9372
HIV co-infection Yes No 2.33 (1.19–4.55)   0.0136   0.0136
Charlson/Deyo 1 0 1.37 (1.11–1.7)   0.0038 <0.0001
 comorbidity index ≥2 2.40 (1.95–2.96) <0.0001
FIB4 1.21–5.88 <1.21 1.90 (1.43–2.53) <0.0001 <0.0001   5.81 (2.38–14.21)   0.0001 <0.0001
>5.88 6.20 (4.39–8.75) <0.0001 27.23 (10.72–69.18) <0.0001
Missing 1.02 (0.76–1.38)   0.8889   6.07 (2.5–14.71) <0.0001
Diabetes Yes No   1.65 (1.09–2.49)   0.0178   0.0178
Substance abuse Yes No 1.48 (1.08–2.04)   0.0156   0.0156
HCV Genotype 2 1   0.64 (0.37–1.12)   0.1177   0.0031
3   1.60 (1.04–2.44)   0.0306
Other/Unknown   0.73 (0.54–0.98)   0.0362
HCV Treatment/Response TF No Trtmt   0.78 (0.65–0.93)   0.0064 <0.0001   1.95 (1.50–2.53) <0.0001 <0.0001   0.88 (0.66–1.16)   0.3609   0.6386
SVR   0.45 (0.34–0.60) <0.0001   0.93 (0.60–1.43)   0.7286   0.92 (0.63–1.34)   0.6474
SVR TF   0.58 (0.43–0.79)   0.0005   0.48 (0.31–0.73)   0.0008 1.05 (0.69–1.59)   0.8323
Sensitivity analyses* (adjusted for the other covariates in the multivariable model*)
1:1 matched cohort TF No Trtmt   0.84 (0.69–1.01)   0.0665 <0.0001 1.96 (1.47–2.61) <0.0001 <0.0001   0.85 (0.63–1.14)   0.2823   0.5202
SVR   0.48 (0.35–0.64) <0.0001   0.86 (0.53–1.38)   0.5335   0.89 (0.60–1.3)   0.5327
FIB4 available subgroup TF   0.65 (0.51–0.82)   0.0003 <0.0001 1.66 (1.12–2.47)   0.0121   0.0049 1.09 (0.76–1.58)   0.6285   0.778
SVR   0.39 (0.28–0.55) <0.0001   0.74 (0.42–1.30)   0.2948   0.92 (0.58–1.45)   0.7167
Two-group comparison TF   0.88 (0.73–1.07)   0.206   0.206 2.1 (1.56–2.83) <0.0001 <0.0001   0.96 (0.69–1.32)   0.782   0.782
Key variables for TF   0.78 (0.65–0.93)   0.0061 <0.0001 1.97 (1.52–2.55) <0.0001 <0.0001   0.90 (0.68–1.20)   0.484   0.7546
PS calculation omitted SVR   0.45 (0.34–0.60) <0.0001   0.96 (0.62–1.49)   0.8544   0.92 (0.63–1.34)   0.6662
Multiple imputation of missing values TF   0.67 (0.56–0.80) <0.0001 1.90 (1.46–2.49) <0.0001   0.85 (0.64–1.14)   0.2836
SVR   0.44 (0.33–0.59) <0.0001   0.89 (0.58–1.38)   0.6001   0.88 (0.60–1.29)   0.5262

HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; aHR, adjusted hazard ratio; CI, 95% confidence interval; FIB4, fibrosis-4 index; SVR, sustained virological response; TF, treatment failure.