Table 1.
Characteristics of Child and Adolescent NHANES 2009–2014 Participantsa Overall and Stratified by Weight Status Categoriesb
| CHILDREN (2–11 YEARS) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | All (n=5590) | Underweight (n=219) | Healthy (n=3609) | Overweight (n=845) | Obese (n=922) | p-value |
| Total | 100% | 3.8% | 66.2% | 15.3% | 14.7% | |
| Gender, n (%) | 0.5132 | |||||
| Male | 2842 (51.1) | 110 (48.3) | 1823 (50.6) | 422 (51.1) | 487 (54.0) | |
| Female | 2748 (48.9) | 104 (51.7) | 1786 (49.4) | 423 (48.9) | 435 (46.0) | |
| Race/Ethnicityc, n (%) | <.0001 | |||||
| White | 1552 (53.2) | 56 (53.0) | 1096 (56.6) | 215 (51.6) | 185 (39.7) | |
| Black | 1376 (13.8) | 53 (12.6) | 877 (13.2) | 195 (12.6) | 251 (18.3) | |
| Hispanic | 1949 (24.0) | 58 (19.5) | 1130 (20.9) | 352 (28.7) | 409 (34.3) | |
| Age, n (%) | <0.0001 | |||||
| 2–5 years | 2270 (39.3) | 100 (34.5) | 1593 (42.6) | 310 (38.0) | 267 (27.2) | |
| 6–11 years | 3320 (60.7) | 114 (65.5) | 2016 (57.4) | 535 (62.0) | 655 (72.8) | |
| Incomed, n (%) | 0.0011 | |||||
| 1st tertile | 2491 (35.58) | 80 (26.06) | 1586 (34.32) | 377 (36.79) | 448 (42.42) | |
| 2nd tertile | 1587 (33.0) | 63 (34.4) | 1000 (32.7) | 251 (33.6) | 273 (33.2) | |
| 3rd tertile | 1134 (31.4) | 55 (39.5) | 795 (32.9) | 155 (29.6) | 129 (24.4) | |
| LCS Consumer, n (%) | 1785 (34.6) | 59 (26.7) | 1108 (34.2) | 274 (34.9) | 344 (37.8) | 0.0684 |
| LCS Beverage Use, n (%) | 1451 (28.3) | 45 (20.1) | 895 (27.9) | 223 (28.2) | 288 (32.3) | 0.0558 |
| LCS Food User, n (%) | 484 (10.0) | 18 (7.6)g | 309 (10.2) | 76 (10.1) | 81 (9.3) | 0.7168 |
| Physical activitye (days per week) | 6.1 ± 0.0 | 6.1 ± 0.2 | 6.3 ± 0.0 | 6.1 ± 0.1 | 5.7 ± 0.1 | <0.001 |
| Energy intake (kcal) | 1756.3 ± 9.4 | 1674.6 ± 40.7 | 1743.5 ± 10.9 | 1753.5 ± 25.7 | 1837.5 ± 28.3 | 0.005 |
| ADOLESCENTS (12–19 YEARS) | ||||||
| Characteristic | All (n=3671) | Underweight (n=115) | Healthy (n=2193) | Overweight (n=611) | Obese (n=752) | p-value |
| Total | 100% | 3.1% | 61.7% | 15.6% | 19.7% | |
| Gender, n (%) | 0.1462 | |||||
| Male | 1889 (51.1) | 66 (65.3) | 1131 (50.1) | 306 (52.1) | 386 (51.3) | |
| Female | 1782 (48.9) | 49 (34.7) | 1062 (49.9) | 305 (47.9) | 366 (48.7) | |
| Race/Ethnicity, n (%) | 0.0054 | |||||
| White | 1008 (56.4) | 34 (59.0) | 644 (59.3) | 141 (50.1) | 189 (52.2) | |
| Black | 927 (14.4) | 23 (10.8) | 526 (13.2) | 164 (16.4) | 214 (16.8) | |
| Hispanic | 1240 (20.9) | 35 (20.2) | 696 (19.0) | 233 (24.8) | 276 (23.7) | |
| Incomeb, n (%) | 0.0001 | |||||
| 1st tertile | 1421 (30.3) | 43 (28.8) | 804 (27.6) | 242 (33.6) | 332 (36.4) | |
| 2nd tertile | 1113 (33.8) | 39 (30.0) | 646 (32.1) | 188 (35.5) | 240 (38.2) | |
| 3rd tertile | 836 (35.9) | 27 (41.3)g | 566 (40.2) | 129 (30.9) | 114 (25.4) | |
| LCS Consumer, n (%) | 872 (28.2) | 23 (21.0)g | 496 (26.9) | 149 (26.6) | 204 (34.5) | 0.0125 |
| LCS Beverage Use, n (%) | 744 (24.2) | 20 (19.7)g | 412 (22.2) | 131 (24.5) | 181 (31.1) | 0.0065 |
| LCS Food Use, n (%) | 187 (5.4) | 4 (2.0)g | 114 (5.9) | 26 (3.8) | 43 (5.9) | 0.1981 |
| Physical activityf (MET-min per week) | 2229.8 ± 58.1 | 1705.3 ± 337.6 | 2342.4 ± 77.6 | 2405.8 ± 176.3 | 1819.1 ± 136.3 | 0.009 |
| Energy intake (kcal) | 2046.1 ± 20.7 | 2239.2 ± 103.8 | 2097.9 ± 27.1 | 1992.4 ± 36.6 | 1895.6 ± 41.5 | <0.001 |
N reflects the number of participants in the sample, while percentages are weighted to account for the complex NHANES survey design.
Respondents reporting ‘other’ race (n=713 children, n=496 adolescents), including multi-racial, are included in overall estimates but are not shown separately.
Defined based on tertiles of poverty-to-income ratio (PIR). N=378 children and N=301 adolescents were missing data for income.
In children 2–11 years, physical activity was assessed as number of days physically active at least 60 min per week. N=11 children were missing data for physical activity.
In adolescents 12–19 years, physical activity was assessed as MET-min of moderate and vigorous activity per week, which was derived using NHANES recommended MET score. N=110 adolescents were missing data for physical activity.
Due to small sample size (n<30), these estimates may be unreliable and should be interpreted with caution.