Table 3.
Bias and coverage results for log‐hazard ratios.
| Model | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameter | Scenario | True REs | BCF | LOCF | CA | ORC | RRC | Joint |
| Bias | ||||||||
| α 0 | 1 | 0.000 | − 0.012 | − 0.012 | − 0.006 | − 0.002 | − 0.003 | 0.001 |
| 2 | 0.000 | − 0.018 | − 0.016 | − 0.003 | − 0.002 | − 0.003 | 0.000 | |
| 3 | 0.000 | − 0.021 | − 0.016 | − 0.008 | − 0.006 | − 0.007 | 0.000 | |
| 4 | 0.000 | − 0.012 | − 0.014 | − 0.001 | 0.001 | − 0.000 | 0.000 | |
| α 1 | 1 | − 0.001 | NA | NA | NA | − 0.145 | − 0.120 | 0.020 |
| 2 | 0.001 | NA | NA | NA | − 0.044 | − 0.041 | 0.001 | |
| 3 | 0.000 | NA | NA | NA | − 0.063 | − 0.068 | 0.000 | |
| 4 | 0.001 | NA | NA | NA | − 0.047 | − 0.044 | 0.001 | |
| 95% Coverage | ||||||||
| α 0 | 1 | 92.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 45.0 | 90.5 | 84.5 | 92.5 |
| 2 | 92.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 65.0 | 89.0 | 86.5 | 91.0 | |
| 3 | 94.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 0.0 | 95.5 | |
| 4 | 95.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 90.0 | 94.0 | 92.5 | 93.5 | |
| α 1 | 1 | 95.5 | NA | NA | NA | 68.0 | 0.0 | 96.0 |
| 2 | 95.0 | NA | NA | NA | 0.0 | 0.5 | 95.0 | |
| 3 | 94.5 | NA | NA | NA | 0.0 | 0.0 | 95.0 | |
| 4 | 94.0 | NA | NA | NA | 0.0 | 0.0 | 93.0 | |
NA, not applicable; REs, random effects; RRC, risk‐set regression calibration; BCF, baseline carried forward; LOCF, last observation carried forward; CA, cumulative average; ORC, ordinary regression calibration.