Table 1.
Demographic and neuropsychological test performance data
| HYC (n = 36) |
HOC (n = 31) |
MCI (n = 47) |
HYC vs. HOC t1,65 = |
HOC vs. MCI t1,76 = |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | |||
| Age (years) | 24.47 (5.1) | 70.35 (5.8) | 72.15 (7.4) | 34.47 (P < .001) | 1.14 (P = .26) |
| Education | 16.08 (2.1) | 16.77 (1.8) | 15.87 (2.7) | 1.46 (P = .15) | 1.62 (P = .11) |
| WTAR (scaled score) | 116.94 (5.9) | 115.32 (9.2) | 110.34 (13.8) | 0.86 (P = .39) | 1.77 (P = .08) |
| RBANS indices (standard score) | |||||
| Immediate memory | 107.28 (11.9) | 112.29 (10.8) | 86.45 (14.3) | 1.79 (P = .08) | 8.58 (P < .001) |
| Visuospatial/constructional | 104.19 (10.8) | 100.65 (14.6) | 95.15 (17.1) | 1.14 (P = .15) | 1.47 (P = .15) |
| Language | 104.75 (10.9) | 104.71 (11.1) | 93.89 (15.4) | 0.15 (P = .99) | 3.37 (P = .001) |
| Attention | 109.36 (14.8) | 107.03 (13.8) | 97.60 (12.9) | 0.66 (P = .5) | 3.08 (P = .003) |
| Delayed memory | 103.81 (7.4) | 107.55 (8.3) | 81.34 (17.6) | 1.96 (P = .06) | 7.74 (P < .001) |
| Total | 108.25 (11.7) | 108.97 (11.9) | 88.53 (10.5) | 0.25 (P = .8) | 7.97 (P < .001) |
| Trail Making Test A (in T-score) | 47.70 (12.5) | 49.81 (8.6) | 48.43 (11.7) | 0.73∗ (P = .47) | 0.56 (P = .58) |
| Trail Making Test B (in T-score) | 52.70 (9.7) | 50.87 (9.4) | 48.67 (12.1) | 0.70∗ (P = .49) | 0.85 (P = .40) |
| EWCST (raw scores) | |||||
| Sorts completed | - | 5.09 (1.1) | 3.19 (1.71) | n/a | 5.47 (P < .001) |
| Preservative errors | - | 1.77 (2.6) | 6.78 (6.83) | n/a | 3.90 (P < .001) |
| Set loss errors | - | 0.94 (1.4) | 1.62 (1.74) | n/a | 1.74 (P = .07) |
| OLTT | See Results | ||||
| Calibration | 0.36 (0.1) | 0.30 (0.15) | 0.39 (0.10) | ||
| Free recall | 5.80 (2.3) | 6.92 (2.0) | 10.96 (2.86) | ||
| Cued recall | 2.59 (1.9) | 4.24 (2.7) | 8.58 (2.88) | ||
| Recognition | 13.56 (1.8) | 12.29 (2.44) | 8.62 (2.21) | ||
Abbreviations: HYC, healthy young controls; HOC, healthy older controls; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; WTAR, Wechsler Test of Adult Reading; RBANS, Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (standard scores provided); EWCST, Emory Short form of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test; OLTT, Object Location Touchscreen Test.
∗
Some of the healthy young did not complete the TMT, which resulted in t1,52.