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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Neural Eng. 2017 Dec;14(6):066010. doi: 10.1088/1741-2552/aa86c8

Figure 4. Role of ICC in electrical stimulation of gut motility.

Figure 4

(a) Threshold current required to entrain ICC pacemaker frequency to match sine stimulation frequency. Transmembrane potential of the ICC at position L/4 in the model of motility during (b) no stimulation, (c) 0.5 Hz sine wave stimulation, and (d) 0.5 Hz, 200 μs pulse stimulation at 1 mA. Pellet position, circular muscle activity, and sensory neuron activity during 0.5 Hz, 1 mA sine wave stimulation with electrical stimulation (e) influencing enteric neurons and smooth muscle, but not ICC, and (f) influencing only ICC, but not enteric neurons and smooth muscle.