. 2017 Oct 11;8(59):100603–100613. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.21823

Table 1. Characteristics of the studies included in the meta-analysis.

Author year	Gender Age (years)	Country Duration (years)	Potassium category	Sample size (cases)	Diabetes ascertainment	Adjustment
Chatterjee⁹ 2016	M&F 45–84	US 8	Serum K⁺	5415 (1281)	FBG ≥ 126mg/dL use of DM medications	Age, sex, race, study site, waist circumference, BMI, smoking, family history of DM, education, income, alcohol use, physical activity, systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive medication use and use of other medications + total energy intake (for dietary K⁺)
Chatterjee⁹ 2016	M&F 45–84	US 8	Dietary K⁺	5415 (1281)	FBG ≥ 126mg/dL use of DM medications
Chatterjee¹⁰ 2016	M&F 21–95	US 8	Serum K⁺	2157 (398)	FBG ≥ 126 mg/dL HbA1c ≥ 6.5% use of DM medications	Age , sex, BMI, waist circumference, serum sodium, creatinine, physical activity, family history of DM, presence of hypertension, systolic blood pressure, use of diuretics, fasting glucose and insulin, and income. + total calorie intake, dietary fat intake, saturated fat intake, fiber intake, and dietary sodium intake, total fruit and vegetable intake. (for dietary K⁺) + urinary spot creatinine, urinary spot creatinine, aldosterone (for Urinary K⁺ )
			Dietary K⁺	1999 (367)
			Urinary K⁺	1376 (227)
Chatterjee¹¹ 2015	M&F ≥ 65	US 12	Serum K⁺	4754 (445)	FBG ≥ 126 mg/dL nonfasting glucose ≥ 200 mg/dL use of DM medications	Age, sex, race, clinic site, BMI, waist circumference, physical activity, smoking, alcohol use, systolic blood pressure, and use of ACEI, beta blockers, and diuretics + diet score and total energy intake (for dietary K⁺)
Chatterjee¹¹ 2015	M&F ≥ 65	US 12	Dietary K⁺	4111 (375)
Chatterjee¹² 2012	M&F 18–30	US 12.9 /16.8	Dietary K⁺	4754 (373)	FBG ≥ 126mg/dl 2 hPG ≥ 200 mg/dl HbA1c ≥ 6.5% use of DM medication	Average of three 24 h urinary creatinine measures, age, sex, race, BMI, family history of DM, systolic blood pressure, physical activity level and education level (for Urinary K⁺ )
Chatterjee¹² 2012	M&F 18–30	US 12.9 /16.8	Urinary K⁺	1066 (99)
Heianza¹³ 2011	M 25–80	Japan 5	Serum K⁺	4409 (250)	FBG ≥ 7.0 mmol/l HbA1c level ≥ 6.5% clinician-diagnosed DM	Age, parental history of DM, BMI, hypertension, HDL cholesterol, triacylglycerol and smoking habit, HbA1c, FBG
Chatterjee¹⁴ 2010	M&F 45–65	US 9	Serum K⁺	12209 (1475)	FBG ≥ 126mg/dL nonfasting glucose ≥ 200 mg/dL clinician-diagnosed DM use of DM medications	Age; sex; race; center; BMI; waist circumference; serum magnesium, calcium, and creatinine levels; physical activity levels; parental history of DM; presence of hypertension; systolic blood pressure; FBG and fasting insulin levels; income; and use of beta blockers, diuretics, ACEI. +dietary magnesium intake, dietary calcium intake (for dietary K⁺)
Chatterjee¹⁴ 2010	M&F 45–65	US 9	Dietary K⁺	11530 (NA)
Hu¹⁷ 2005	M&F 35–64	Finland 18.1	Urinary K⁺	1935 (129)	diagnosis of DM on the basis of the World Health Organization criteria	Age, sex, study year, education, physical activity, smoking status, alcohol consumption, coffee consumption, vegetable consumption , fruit consumption , sausage consumption, bread consumption ,saturated fat consumption, systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive drug , BMI
Colditz¹⁶ 1992	F 34–59	US 6	Dietary K⁺	84360 (702)	symptom + FBG ≥ 7.77 mmol/L a random BG ≥ 11.1 mmol/L at least two BG ≥ 11.1 mmol/L	Age, BMI, alcohol intake, family history of DM, prior weight change, time period.

Abbreviation: ACEI , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; BG , blood glucose; BMI , Body Mass Index; Dietary K⁺, Dietary potassium; DM , diabetes mellitus; FBG , fasting blood glucose; HbA1c , glycosylated hemoglobin; HDL , high density lipoprotein; M&F , Male and Female; NA , Not available; Serum K⁺ , serum potassium; US , United States; Urinary K⁺ , Urinary potassium; 2hPG , 2-hour postprandial blood glucos