Table 5.
HADS and WHOQOL-BREF scores in the control and functional dyspepsia groups according to gender
| Variables |
Control |
FD |
P value1 |
||||||
| Total | Male | Female | Total | Male | Female | Control vs FD | Control2 | FD2 | |
| (n = 87) | (n = 38) | (n = 49) | (n = 104) | (n = 39) | (n = 65) | ||||
| HADS score3 (mean ± SE) | |||||||||
| Total | 11.0 ± 0.8 | 10.8 ± 1.2 | 11.2 ± 1.1 | 15.8 ± 1.2 | 13.2 ± 1.3 | 18.6 ± 2.1 | 0.001 | 0.780 | 0.029 |
| Anxiety | 5.1 ± 0.4 | 4.9 ± 0.6 | 5.3 ± 0.6 | 7.4 ± 0.7 | 6.0 ± 0.7 | 9.0 ± 1.3 | 0.005 | 0.587 | 0.036 |
| Depression | 5.9 ± 0.4 | 5.9 ± 0.7 | 5.9 ± 0.6 | 8.4 ± 0.6 | 7.2 ± 0.8 | 9.7 ± 1.0 | 0.001 | 0.984 | 0.047 |
| WHOQOL-BREF score4 (mean ± SE) | |||||||||
| Total | 59.5 ± 1.6 | 60.7 ± 2.7 | 58.0 ± 1.5 | 54.0 ± 1.9 | 57.5 ± 1.9 | 51.6 ± 2.1 | 0.027 | 0.417 | 0.074 |
| Overall quality of life and general health | 6.2 ± 0.2 | 6.6 ± 0.3 | 5.8 ± 0.3 | 5.9 ± 0.3 | 6.5 ± 0.3 | 5.4 ± 0.3 | 0.278 | 0.080 | 0.020 |
| Physical domain | 13.4 ± 0.4 | 13.6 ± 0.7 | 13.1 ± 0.4 | 12.6 ± 0.4 | 13.6 ± 0.5 | 11.6 ± 0.7 | 0.185 | 0.575 | 0.016 |
| Psychological domain | 12.8 ± 0.4 | 13.2 ± 0.7 | 12.4 ± 0.5 | 11.8 ± 0.4 | 12.4 ± 0.5 | 11.4 ± 0.7 | 0.092 | 0.410 | 0.278 |
| Social domain | 13.7 ± 0.4 | 14.0 ± 0.6 | 13.3 ± 0.4 | 12.1 ± 0.5 | 13.0 ± 0.5 | 11.5 ± 0.6 | 0.012 | 0.370 | 0.064 |
| Environment domain | 13.3 ± 0.5 | 13.3 ± 0.7 | 13.3 ± 0.6 | 11.6 ± 0.4 | 12.1 ± 0.5 | 11.7 ± 0.7 | 0.010 | 0.990 | 0.617 |
1
t-test was used;
2
Between males and females;
3
Higher score denotes more severe symptom;
4
Higher score denotes better quality of life. FD: Functional dyspepsia; HADS: Hospital anxiety and depression scale; WHOQOL-BREF: World health organization quality of life abbreviated version.