Table 1. Baseline Characteristics of the Male Population According to BMI.
| Variable | 18.5≤BMI<25 n=978 |
25≤BMI<30 n=396 |
30≤BMI n=69 |
p for trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.1±1.7 | 26.8±1.3 | 33.6±3.5 | <0.001 |
| Age (yr) | 65.8±13.4 | 59.6±14.1 | 48.1±15.0 | <0.001 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 126.8±27.0 | 132.0±30.1 | 140.3±29.6 | <0.001 |
| Heart rate (BPM) | 90.4±24.2 | 91.8±26.3 | 93.3±21.4 | 0.367 |
| Ischemic HF | 424 (43.8) | 155 (39.7) | 20 (29.0) | 0.013 |
| De novo HF | 594 (64.9) | 257 (69.8) | 42 (68.9) | 0.117 |
| Ejection fraction | 29.0±8.6 | 29.2±9.4 | 27.2±9.4 | 0.104 |
| LVEDD | 61.6±11.0 | 62.2±11.9 | 65.8±7.2 | 0.009 |
| LVESD | 50.9±13.3 | 51.9±13.3 | 55.4±8.2 | 0.014 |
| E/E' | 19.7±10.4 | 18.7±8.8 | 20.5±10.0 | 0.295 |
| LBBB | 71 (8.0) | 15 (4.3) | 1 (1.7) | 0.005 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 222 (24.3) | 117 (31.8) | 10 (16.4) | 0.299 |
| NYHA class 3 or 4 | 627 (70.9) | 252 (68.5) | 48 (76.2) | 0.980 |
| Past history | ||||
| HTN | 449 (45.9) | 199 (50.3) | 42 (60.9) | 0.011 |
| DM | 324 (33.2) | 127 (32.1) | 21 (30.4) | 0.571 |
| Stroke | 108 (15.3) | 42 (14.9) | 4 (7.5) | 0.265 |
| Previous MI | 190 (19.4) | 69 (17.4) | 10 (14.5) | 0.211 |
| COPD | 63 (6.9) | 15 (4.1) | 1 (1.6) | 0.016 |
| CKD | 127 (13.0) | 36 (9.1) | 10 (14.5) | 0.255 |
| Laboratory finding | ||||
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 13.0±2.2 | 14.1±2.1 | 14.8±2.7 | <0.001 |
| Na (mmol/L) | 138.3±4.8 | 139.1±4.0 | 139.1±4.1 | 0.194 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 156.5±80.4 | 149.9±63.9 | 126.1±44.1 | 0.001 |
| BUN (mg/dL) | 26.0±16.8 | 22.5±12.4 | 21.0±15.6 | 0.010 |
| Cr (mg/dL) | 1.6±1.5 | 1.4±0.6 | 1.5±0.9 | 0.365 |
| NT-proBNP (pg/mL) | 8832.3±9671.9 | 5249.3±6317.7 | 4260.6±3746.9 | 0.001 |
| Discharge medication | ||||
| ACEi or ARB | 773 (79.3) | 319 (80.6) | 61 (88.4) | 0.123 |
| Beta blocker | 521 (53.4) | 212 (53.5) | 45 (65.2) | 0.214 |
| MRA | 508 (52.0) | 226 (57.1) | 38 (55.1) | 0.138 |
BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; BPM, beats per minute; HF, heart failure; LVEDD, left ventricular end diastolic dimension; LVESD, left ventricular end systolic dimension; LBBB, left bundle branch block; NYHA, New York Heart Association; HTN, hypertension; DM, diabetes mellitus; MI, myocardial infarction; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; Cr, creatinine; BNP, brain natriuretic peptides; NT-proBNP, N terminal pro brain natriuretic peptides; ACEi, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; MRA, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist.
Values are expressed as mean±SD or n (%).