(A) The putative binding sites of the miRNAs (hsa-miR-17-3p, hsa-miR-423-5p, hsa-miR-3184-5p, and hsa-miR-6743-5p) in GRIM-19 3′-UTR as predicted by TargetScan algorithm. (B, C) U251 cells were transfected with various miRNA inhibitors (anti-miR-17-3p, anti-miR-423-5p, anti-miR-3184-5p, or anti-miR-6743-5p) or miRNA inhibitor scramble (anti-miR-control). Cells without any treatment were set as a negative control (Mock). At 48 h post transfection, real-time PCR analysis was performed to assess the effects of indicated miRNA inhibitor transfections on the expression of indicated miRNA (B) and GRIM-19 mRNA (C). ***P<0.001 compared with Mock and anti-miR-control. (D) U251 cells were co-transfected with WT or MUT GRIM-19 3′-UTR plasmid and anti-miR-6743-5p mimic, miR-control, anti-miR-17-3p, or anti-miR-control. The relative luciferase activities were determined at 24 h post transfection, normalizing to Renilla luciferase activity; **P<0.01.