Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Calcium chelation mechanism of the PVPA‐co‐AA polymer (A) PVPA‐co‐AA copolymer dissolves in aqueous solution to form a negatively‐charged polyelectrolyte. (B) PVPA‐co‐AA can bind to divalent calcium ions. (C) At high calcium concentrations, inter‐polymer complexes can be formed, resulting in a cloudy solution. (D) Precipitation of polymer‐calcium complex at very high calcium concentrations.
