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Schematic representation of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. PAL (L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase); C4H (cinnamate 4-hydroxylase); 4CL (4-coumarate: Coenzyme-A ligase); CHS (chalcone synthase); CHI (chalcone isomerase); F3H (flavanone 3-hydroxylase); F3′H (flavanone 3’-hydroxylase); FS (flavone synthase); FLS (flavonol synthase); UGT (UDP-glycosyltransferase). The genes encoding enzymes in gray background have been identified in G. biloba in previous studies.
