Table 5.
Adjusted Associations between Recall of Tobacco Marketing and Perceptions of E-cigarettes (EC) among Conventional Cigarette (CC) Smokers (N = 634)a
| E-cigarette Perception Outcomes
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EC Contain Nicotine AOR (95% CI) | EC Help Quit CC Use AOR (95% CI) | EC Less Harmful than CC AOR (95% CI) | EC Help Reduce CC Use AOR (95% CI) | EC Can be Used in Non-Smoking Environments AOR (95% CI) | EC Less Addictive than CC AOR (95% CI) | |
| Tobacco Advertising Index Score | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| None | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Low | 0.52 (0.26–1.04) | 0.94 (0.53–1.68) | 1.041(0.58–1.77) | 1.16 (0.61–2.21) | 1.32 (0.77–2.27) | 1.05 (0.57–1.95) |
| Moderate | 0.77 (0.37–1.58) | 1.05 (0.58–1.89) | 1.73 (0.97–3.08) | 2.06* (1.04–4.08) | 1.85* (1.06–3.21) | 1.42 (0.76–2.65) |
| High | 0.43* (0.21–0.90) | 1.19 (0.63–2.24) | 1.01 (0.55–1.86) | 0.95 (0.48–1.90) | 1.55 (0.86–2.78) | 1.92* (1.01–3.65) |
|
| ||||||
| Received Tobacco Coupons | 1.49 (0.96–2.32) | 0.80 (0.54–1.18) | 0.94 (0.65–1.37) | 0.85 (0.55–1.32) | 1.15 (0.81–1.65) | 1.04 (0.69–1.54) |
| Male | 0.87 (0.55–1.37) | 0.61* (0.42–0.90) | 0.80 (0.55–1.14) | 0.60* (0.39–0.94) | 0.53** (0.37–0.75) | 1.23 (0.83–1.81) |
| Age | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| 18–25 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 26–29 | 0.97 (0.55–1.71) | 1.48 (0.88–2.50) | 1.27 (0.76–2.10) | 1.83 (1.00–3.36) | 1.00 (0.62–1.62) | 0.73 (0.44–1.23) |
| 30–36 | 0.96 (0.54–1.69) | 1.25 (0.75–2.10) | 1.10 (0.67–1.81) | 1.06 (0.60–1.86) | 1.01 (0.62–1.63) | 0.78 (0.47–1.31) |
| 37+ | 1.91 (0.99–3.70) | 0.92 (0.55–1.54) | 0.94 (0.57–1.56) | 1.30 (0.72–2.34) | 1.00 (0.61–1.64) | 0.66 (0.38–1.13) |
|
| ||||||
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| White | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Black | 0.51 (0.22–1.22) | 0.53 (0.25–1.11) | 0.65 (0.31–1.36) | 0.59 (0.26–1.35) | 1.32 (0.63–2.76) | 1.07 (0.47–2.39) |
| Asian | 0.43** (0.24–0.78) | 0.97 (0.54–1.73) | 1.14 (0.65–2.00) | 1.01 (0.51–1.97) | 1.44 (0.85–2.46) | 2.88** (1.66–4.97) |
| Hispanic/Other | 0.71 (0.36–1.38) | 1.40 (0.74–2.65) | 1.10 (0.62–1.94) | 0.81 (0.42–1.55) | 1.09 (0.62–1.89) | 1.68 (0.95–2.98) |
|
| ||||||
| Education | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| High School/GED or below | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Some College | 1.06 (0.52–2.14) | 1.32 (0.77–2.28) | 1.06 (0.63–1.78) | 1.30 (0.71–2.38) | 0.71 (0.42–1.18) | 0.71 (0.40–1.27) |
| College Graduate | 1.04 (0.53–2.04) | 1.15 (0.68–1.95) | 1.23 (0.74–2.05) | 1.08 (0.60–1.95) | 0.84 (0.51–1.38) | 1.01 (0.58–1.75) |
| Post-college Education | 1.09 (0.50–2.35) | 0.97 (0.51–1.85) | 0.84 (0.45–1.56) | 1.00 (0.48–2.08) | 1.03 (0.56–1.90) | 0.85 (0.44–1.65) |
|
| ||||||
| Committed | 1.03 (0.67–1.59) | 1.21 (0.85–1.74) | 1.34 (0.95–1.90) | 0.92 (0.61–1.38) | 0.95 (0.68–1.33) | 0.88 (0.61–1.28) |
| Other Current Tobacco Use | 0.85 (0.53–1.35) | 1.85** (1.27–2.70) | 2.03** (1.42–2.91) | 1.88** (1.22–2.88) | 1.01 (0.71–1.44) | 1.50* (1.01–2.23) |
**
p < .01,
*
p < .05
Note.
All associations reported as adjusted odds ratios (AORs).
a
= The logistic regression models above examine adjusted associations between recall of tobacco marketing (tobacco advertising index score and received tobacco coupons) and EC perception outcomes of low agreement (Strongly Disagree, Disagree, and Neutral) versus high agreement (Agree and Strongly Agree), while controlling for covariates and whether or not the participant IP address was located in the United States.