Table 3.

Median (25th and 75th percentiles) concentration of transforming growth factor-β₁ (TGF-β₁) released into the supernatant following treatment.

Group	Concentration (pg/mL)	Increase relative to negative control (%)
Positive	7,063 (5,040–10,042)	355 (291–445)
Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT)-S	2,101 (1,488–3,357)	46 (32–56)
ESWT-P	2,000 (1,669–2,785)	33 (20–59)
Negative	1,485 (1,012–2,501)

Relative increases of growth factor concentrations compared with negative (resting) controls are also listed.