Table 2.
Night-time sleep duration versus metabolic risk factors, inflammatory and endothelial markers, lung function and cardiac markers
| Night sleep (hours) | p | ||||
| <6(n=213¶) | 6–8.9(n=1126¶) | ≥9(n=97¶) | |||
| Metabolic risk factors (mean (95% CI)) | |||||
| SBP (mm Hg) | † | 146.04 (143.52 to 148.56) | 147.31 (146.21 to 148.4) | 150.73 (146.99 to 154.47) | 0.12 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | † | 76.59 (75.07 to 78.11) | 77.46 (76.8 to 78.12) | 77.25 (74.99 to 79.5) | 0.59 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | † | 1.47 (1.41 to 1.53) | 1.48 (1.45 to 1.5) | 1.37 (1.28 to 1.46) | 0.07 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | † | 1.3 (1.21 to 1.39) | 1.28 (1.25 to 1.32) | 1.39 (1.26 to 1.52) | 0.31 |
| HbA1c§ (%) | † | 5.93 (5.85 to 6.02) | 5.75 (5.72 to 5.79) | 5.88 (5.76 to 6) | 0.0001* |
| ‡ | 5.9 (5.82 to 5.98) | 5.76 (5.73 to 5.79) | 5.86 (5.74 to 5.97) | 0.003* | |
| Glucose§ (mmol/L) | † | 5.78 (5.62 to 5.94) | 5.55 (5.48 to 5.61) | 5.72 (5.49 to 5.95) | 0.02* |
| ‡ | 5.74 (5.58 to 5.9) | 5.56 (5.49 to 5.62) | 5.68 (5.45 to 5.91) | 0.08 | |
| Insulin§ (mU/L) | † | 8.26 (7.54 to 9.04) | 7.92 (7.62 to 8.24) | 7.82 (6.84 to 8.94) | 0.69 |
| Inflammatory and endothelial markers (mean (95% CI)) | |||||
| CRP§ (mg/L) | † | 1.51 (1.28 to 1.78) | 1.34 (1.25 to 1.44) | 1.46 (1.15 to 1.87) | 0.37 |
| IL-6§ (pg/mL) | † | 3.03 (2.74 to 3.35) | 2.98 (2.86 to 3.11) | 3.72 (3.21 to 4.3) | 0.02* |
| ‡ | 2.94 (2.67 to 3.25) | 3 (2.87 to 3.13) | 3.61 (3.12 to 4.18) | 0.05 | |
| vWF (IU/dL) | † | 140.97 (130.97 to 150.97) | 133.27 (128.91 to 137.63) | 119.04 (104.2 to 133.89) | 0.06 |
| Lung function (mean (95% CI)) | |||||
| FEV1 (L) | † | 2.43 (2.35 to 2.5) | 2.46 (2.42 to 2.49) | 2.44 (2.32 to 2.55) | 0.76 |
| Cardiac markers (mean (95% CI)) | |||||
| NT-pro-BNP§ (pg/mL) | † | 121.67 (101.33 to 146.1) | 126.45 (116.87 to 136.81) | 134.61 (102.8 to 176.25) | 0.83 |
| cTnT§ (pg/mL) | † | 11.25 (10.29 to 12.3) | 10.82 (10.41 to 11.24) | 10.14 (8.89 to 11.57) | 0.44 |
†Adjusted for age.
‡Adjusted for age, BMI, social class and physical activity.
§Geometeric mean.
¶Maximum n in group, varies slightly with missing covariate data.
BMI, body mass index; CRP, C reactive protein; cTnT, cardiac troponin T; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; IL-6, interleukin 6; NT-pro-BNP, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; SBP, systolic blood pressure; vWF, von Willebrand factor.