Table.
Baseline Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of the Study Samplea
| Study | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| ITT Analysis | Per-Protocol Analysis | |||
|
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| Characteristic | Control (n = 168) |
Intervention (n = 168) |
Control (n = 154) |
Intervention (n = 150) |
| Demographic | ||||
|
| ||||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 59.3 (7.5) | 58.9 (7.0) | 59.4 (7.7) | 58.8 (6.9) |
|
| ||||
| Sex male, No. (%) | 52 (31.0) | 49 (29.2) | 50 (32.5) | 47 (31.3) |
|
| ||||
| Educational attainment less than high school, No. (%) | 39 (23.2) | 48 (28.6) | 35 (22.7) | 41 (27.3) |
|
| ||||
| Currently employed, No. (%) | 43 (25.6) | 41 (24.4) | 40 (26.0) | 34 (22.7) |
|
| ||||
| Currently married, No. (%)b | 38 (22.6) | 41 (25.2) | 34 (22.7) | 36 (24.8) |
|
| ||||
| Living alone, No. (%) | 70 (41.7) | 66 (39.3) | 65 (42.2) | 61 (40.7) |
|
| ||||
| Annual household income <$15 000, No. (%)c | 63 (51.6) | 63 (48.8) | 57 (52.3) | 58 (49.2) |
|
| ||||
| Willing at baseline, No. (%) | 114 (67.9) | 108 (64.2) | 105 (68.2) | 97 (64.7) |
|
| ||||
| Clinical | ||||
|
| ||||
| WOMAC score, mean (SD)d | 62.09 (16.98) | 63.11 (16.26) | 61.66 (16.84) | 63.32 (15.70) |
|
| ||||
| Arthritis Self-efficacy Scale, mean (SD) | ||||
|
| ||||
| Pain subscalee | 24.02 (10.92) | 24.07 (11.15) | 23.88 (10.92) | 24.22 (11.02) |
|
| ||||
| Function subscalef | 52.79 (17.80) | 51.94 (18.19) | 52.04 (17.94) | 52.03 (17.92) |
|
| ||||
| Charlson Comorbidity Scale score, mean (SD)g | 2.98 (2.25) | 2.96 (2.15) | 2.97 (2.21) | 2.90 (2.04) |
|
| ||||
| SF-12 score, mean (SD) | ||||
|
| ||||
| Physical component h | 31.62 (8.78) | 31.24 (9.59) | 31.47 (8.87) | 30.86 (9.02) |
|
| ||||
| Mental component i | 44.74 (8.67) | 45.18 (8.78) | 44.96 (8.52) | 45.07 (8.88) |
Abbreviations: ITT, intention to treat; SF-12, 12-Item Short Form Health Survey; WOMAC, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index.
We used 2-tailed t tests for continuous variables and χ2 tests for categorical variables. Differences were not statistically significant.
Responses were missing for 10 patients for ITT and 9 for per-protocol analyses.
Responses were missing for 185 patients for ITT and 77 for per-protocol analyses.
Scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating increased pain, stiffness, and functional limitations.
Scores range from 5 to 50, with higher scores indicating more confidence.
Scores range from 9 to 90, with higher scores indicating more confidence.
Scores range from 0 to 17, with higher scores indicating greater comorbidities.
Scores range from 12 to 61, with higher scores indicating better physical health.
Scores range from 22 to 70, with higher scores indicating better mental health.