Table 2. Mean (SD) percentage use of glaucoma procedures by American Glaucoma Society members in various clinical settings.
| 1996 | 2002 | 2008 | 2016 | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prior trabeculectomy | |||||
| Trabeculectomy | |||||
| MMC | 80 (31) | 79 (30) | 49 (33) | 20 (24) | <0.001† |
| 5-FU (IO + PO) | 13 (27) | 16 (32) | 1 (7) | 0.1 (0.7) | <0.001† |
| 5-FU (IO only) | * | 5 (18) | 0.2 (2) | 0 | <0.001† |
| No antifibrotic | * | * | 1 (6) | 0 | 0.065‡ |
| GDD | 7 (12) | 20 (28) | 46 (34) | 71 (28) | <0.001† |
| MIGS | * | * | * | 2 (5) | N/A |
| CPC# | * | * | * | 1 (4) | N/A |
| Prior ECCE/ICCE | |||||
| Trabeculectomy | |||||
| MMC | 76 (33) | 72 (35) | 50 (37) | 33 (33) | <0.001† |
| 5-FU (IO + PO) | 15 (29) | 15 (31) | 1 (4) | 0.1 (0.9) | <0.001† |
| 5-FU (IO only) | * | 7 (20) | 0.2 (3) | 0.7 (8) | <0.001† |
| No antifibrotic | * | * | 2 (11) | 0 | 0.044‡ |
| GDD | 8 (15) | 22 (30) | 45 (37) | 62 (33) | <0.001† |
| CPC# | * | * | * | 1 (3) | N/A |
| Prior phacoemulsification | |||||
| Trabeculectomy | |||||
| MMC | 75 (35) | 75 (33) | 74 (32) | 60 (32) | <0.001† |
| 5-FU (IO + PO) | 17 (32) | 23 (42) | 2 (9) | 0.7 (7) | <0.001† |
| 5-FU (IO only) | * | 12 (26) | 1 (6) | 0.7 (8) | <0.001† |
| No antifibrotic | * | * | 3 (14) | 0.1 (0.8) | 0.022‡ |
| GDD | 5 (13) | 4 (13) | 15 (24) | 34 (30) | <0.001† |
| CPC# | * | * | * | 0.4 (2) | N/A |
| Prior PKP | |||||
| Trabeculectomy | |||||
| MMC | 61 (38) | 52 (41) | 40 (34) | 25 (30) | <0.001† |
| 5-FU (IO + PO) | 10 (24) | 9 (22) | 0.1 (1) | 0 | <0.001† |
| 5-FU (IO only) | * | 4 (15) | 0 | 0.7 (8) | 0.002† |
| No antifibrotic | * | * | 1 (4) | < 0.1 | 0.008‡ |
| GDD | 24 (30) | 38 (39) | 58 (34) | 69 (33) | <0.001† |
| CPC# | * | * | * | 3 (11) | N/A |
| Prior SB | |||||
| Trabeculectomy | |||||
| MMC | 64 (37) | 54 (42) | 35 (35) | 20 (30) | <0.001† |
| 5-FU (IO + PO) | 12 (28) | 12 (26) | 1 (5) | 0 | <0.001† |
| 5-FU (IO only) | * | 3 (17) | 0.1 (1) | 0.4 (4) | 0.015† |
| No antifibrotic | * | * | 0.5 (5) | 0 | 0.27‡ |
| GDD | 22 (29) | 39 (40) | 57 (36) | 69 (34) | <0.001† |
| CPC# | * | * | * | 7 (16) | N/A |
| Prior PPV | |||||
| Trabeculectomy | |||||
| MMC | 64 (36) | 58 (40) | 42 (33) | 30 (29) | <0.001† |
| 5-FU (IO + PO) | 12 (27) | 11 (28) | 1 (9) | 0 | <0.001† |
| 5-FU (IO only) | * | 3 (12) | 0.1 (1) | 0.6 (7) | 0.009† |
| No antifibrotic | * | * | 0.2 (1) | 0 | 0.27‡ |
| GDD | 22 (30) | 31 (37) | 53 (34) | 63 (32) | <0.001† |
| CPC# | * | * | * | 2 (6) | N/A |
| Uveitis | |||||
| Trabeculectomy | |||||
| MMC | 73 (33) | 63 (39) | 40 (34) | 17 (23) | <0.001† |
| 5-FU (IO + PO) | 12 (26) | 14 (32) | 1 (9) | < 0.1 | <0.001† |
| 5-FU (IO only) | * | 5 (18) | 0.1 (1) | 0.7 (7) | <0.001† |
| No antifibrotic | * | * | 1 (6) | < 0.1 | 0.075‡ |
| GDD | 15 (26) | 31 (37) | 56 (34) | 78 (26) | <0.001† |
| CPC# | * | * | * | 0.4 (2) | N/A |
| Neovascular glaucoma | |||||
| Trabeculectomy | |||||
| MMC | 56 (40) | 47 (42) | 16 (22) | 8 (17) | <0.001† |
| 5-FU (IO + PO) | 6 (20) | 12 (31) | 0.1 (0.4) | 0 | <0.001† |
| 5-FU (IO only) | * | 3 (17) | 0 | 0 | 0.003† |
| No antifibrotic | * | * | 0 | 0 | 1.00 |
| GDD | 37 (38) | 50 (42) | 76 (28) | 86 (22) | <0.001† |
| CPC# | * | * | * | 5 (14) | N/A |
| POAG without prior incisional surgery | |||||
| Trabeculectomy | |||||
| MMC | * | * | 74 (31) | 59 (30) | <0.001‡ |
| 5-FU (IO + PO) | * | * | 4 (14) | 0.6 (6) | 0.001‡ |
| 5-FU (IO only) | * | * | 3 (10) | 0.6 (7) | 0.017‡ |
| No antifibrotic | * | * | 4 (16) | 0.2 (1) | 0.009‡ |
| GDD | * | * | 11 (22) | 23 (23) | <0.001 |
| MIGS | * | * | * | 14 (20) | N/A |
| CPC# | * | * | * | 0.4 (2) | N/A |
5-FU = 5-fluorouracil; CPC = cyclophotocoagulation (of any type); ECCE = extracapsular cataract extraction; GDD = glaucoma drainage device; ICCE = intracapsular cataract extraction; IO = intraoperative; MIGS = minimally invasive glaucoma surgery; MMC = mitomycin C; N/A = not applicable; PKP = penetrating keratoplasty; PO = postoperative; POAG = primary open angle glaucoma; PPV = pars plana vitrectomy; SB = scleral buckle; SD = standard deviation.
Data are presented as average percentage (standard deviation of percentage). Percentage in each category may not sum to 100% because of rounding and free-texted responses in the “Other” category for which specific percentage use was not reported.
Answer choice not presented in survey.
One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess the statistical significance of the differences among three means.
Student t-test was used to assess the statistical significance of the difference between two means. The Satterthwaite unpooled variance approximation was used when appropriate.
Cyclophotocoagulation (of any type) was a frequently free-texted response and is therefore included in the table.